Metal and metalloid maternal transfer in a newborn West Indian manatee (Trichechus manatus) two years after the northeastern oil spill disaster of 2019 in Brazil.

A large-scale oil spill along the northeastern Brazilian coast in 2019-2020 severely impacted primary manatee habitats in Brazil. This study aimed to assess metal and metalloid contamination in a dead manatee calf found following this oil spill. Several elements were detected, including chromium, iron, nickel, lead, and vanadium, which are crude oil components, and thallium, a component of dispersants used to degrade and dissipate crude oil.

Karyotypical Confirmation of Natural Hybridization between Two Manatee Species, and .

Two species of manatees are found in Northern Brazil-the Antillean manatee (), which is found along the coast from Florida to Northeastern Brazil, and the Amazonian manatee (), endemic to the Amazon drainage basin. These species show a sympatric distribution in the region of the Marajó Archipelago, an estuarine area surrounding the Amazon River mouth. There is evidence of the occurrence of interspecific hybrids in this area, based on mitochondrial DNA analyses, although the use of nuclear markers has not corroborated this proposal.

Ab-interno trabeculotomy with Kahook dual blade in secondary traumatic glaucoma in a child.

Purpose: To report a successful ab-interno trabeculotomy with Kahook Dual Blade (KDB) in secondary traumatic angle recession glaucoma in a child and discuss the possible mechanisms of action.

Observations: A 7 years-old boy presented, after a blunt trauma in the left eye, with angular recess surroundings 110° and concomitant intra-ocular pressure (IOP) elevation around 35 mmHg, despite the maximum topical and systemic ocular hypotensive therapy. As there was no glaucomatous neuropathy yet, a KDB ab-interno trabeculotomy was performed.

Central compartment management in patients with papillary thyroid cancer presenting with metastatic disease to the lateral neck: Anatomic pathways of lymphatic spread.

Background: Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) occasionally presents with metastases to the lateral neck, without clinically evident disease in the central neck. These cases may ultimately manifest as either skip metastases to the lateral compartment or as occult metastases in the central compartment.

Methods: This is a retrospective review of 80 patients with PTC with metastases to the lateral cervical lymph nodes treated from 2006 to 2015.

Improving the adoption of thyroid cancer clinical practice guidelines.

Objectives/hypothesis: To present an overview of the barriers to the implementation of clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) in thyroid cancer management and to introduce a computer-based clinical support system.

Data Sources: PubMed.

Review Methods: A review of studies on adherence to CPGs was conducted.

Testing with feedback improves recall of information in informed consent: A proof of concept study.

Objective: This study investigates whether applying educational testing approaches to an informed consent video for a medical procedure can lead to greater recall of the information presented.

Methods: Undergraduate students (n=120) were randomly assigned to watch a 20-min video on informed consent under one of three conditions: 1) tested using multiple-choice knowledge questions and provided with feedback on their answers after each 5-min segment; 2) tested with multiple choice knowledge questions but not provided feedback after each segment; or 3) watched the video without knowledge testing.

Results: Participants who were tested and provided feedback had significantly greater information recall compared to those who were tested but not provided feedback and to those not tested.

ACTIVE SURVEILLANCE FOR PAPILLARY THYROID MICROCARCINOMA: NEW CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR THE HEALTH CARE SYSTEM.

Objective: The dramatic increase in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is primarily a result of early diagnosis of small cancers. Active surveillance is a promising management strategy for papillary thyroid microcarcinomas (PTMCs). However, as this management strategy gains traction in the U.

Reconstruction of expanding tracheoesophageal fistulae in post-radiation therapy patients who undergo total laryngectomy with a bipaddled radial forearm free flap: Report of 8 cases.

Background: Our surgical approach describes a bipaddled radial forearm free flap (RFFF) for closure of chronic tracheoesophageal fistulae (TEF) in patients who underwent total laryngectomy. The desired functional results were achieved.

Methods: Eight patients underwent the procedure.

Size distribution of metastatic lymph nodes with extranodal extension in patients with papillary thyroid cancer: a pilot study.

Background: Extranodal extension (ENE) is a documented negative prognostic factor in patients with papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). ENE is presumed to manifest in larger lymph nodes. Yet, to date, no study has proven this.

Intrathyroidal tumors presenting with extranodal extension: what are we missing?

Extranodal extension (ENE) is an indicator of poor prognosis in well-differentiated thyroid cancer (WDTC). We have demonstrated that extrathyroidal extension (ETE) predicts ENE in patients with positive lymph nodes, indicating concordance between primary tumor and lymph node biology. In an effort to determine if there were other histologic features of the primary tumors that indicated an aggressive biology, we examined a subset of patients with intrathyroidal (T1/T2) disease whose lymph nodes had ENE.

What is the gold standard for comprehensive interinstitutional communication of perioperative information for thyroid cancer patients? A comparison of existing electronic health records with the current American Thyroid Association recommendations.

Background: Appropriate management of well-differentiated thyroid cancer requires treating clinicians to have access to critical elements of the patient's presentation, surgical management, postoperative course, and pathologic assessment. Electronic health records (EHRs) provide an effective method for the storage and transmission of patient information, although most commercially available EHRs are not intended to be disease-specific. In addition, there are significant challenges for the sharing of relevant clinical information when providers involved in the care of a patient with thyroid cancer are not connected by a common EHR.

Striving toward standardization of reporting of ultrasound features of thyroid nodules and lymph nodes: a multidisciplinary consensus statement.

Background: The use of high-resolution ultrasound (US) imaging is a mainstay of the initial evaluation and long-term management of thyroid nodules and thyroid cancer. To fully capitalize on the diagnostic capabilities of a US examination in the context of thyroid disease, many clinicians consider it desirable to establish a universal format and standard of US reporting. The goals of this interdisciplinary consensus statement are twofold.

Very delayed cervical lymph node metastases from hyalinizing clear cell carcinoma: report of 2 cases.

Background: Hyalinizing clear cell carcinoma (HCCC) is a rare salivary gland neoplasm most often found in the oral cavity. Although it is generally a low-grade malignancy that is treated with wide local excision, there is a growing body of evidence pointing toward the potential for more aggressive behavior.

Methods: We reviewed available records of patients with delayed cervical lymph node metastases from HCCC.

The differential diagnosis of central compartment radioactive iodine uptake after thyroidectomy: anatomic and surgical considerations.

Objective: Foci of increased radioactive iodine (RAI) uptake in the thyroid bed following total thyroidectomy (TT) indicate residual thyroid tissue that may be benign or malignant. The use of postoperative RAI therapy in the form of remnant ablation, adjuvant therapy, or therapeutic intervention is often followed by a posttherapy scan. Our objective is to improve the clinician's understanding of the anatomic complexity of this region and to enhance the interpretation of postoperative scans.

The effect of surgeon experience on the detection of metastatic lymph nodes in the central compartment and the pathologic features of clinically unapparent metastatic lymph nodes: what are we missing when we don't perform a prophylactic dissection of central compartment lymph nodes in papillary thyroid cancer?

Background: Prophylactic central neck dissection (PCND) for papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is controversial. Recent publications suggest that the number and size of nodes and the presence of extranodal extension (ENE) are important features for risk stratification of lymph node metastases. We analyzed these features in clinically unapparent nodes that would not otherwise be removed.

Improving the quality of thyroid cancer care: how does the Thyroid Cancer Care Collaborative cross the Institute of Medicine's Quality Chasm?

Background: The current systems of healthcare delivery in the United States suffer from problems that often leave patients with inadequate quality of care. In their report entitled "Crossing the Quality Chasm," the Institute of Medicine (IOM) identified reasons for poor and/or inconsistent quality of healthcare delivery and provided recommendations to improve it. The purpose of this review is to describe features of an innovative web-based program called the Thyroid Cancer Care Collaborative (TCCC) and see how it addresses IOM recommendations to improve the quality of healthcare delivery.

Extrathyroidal extension predicts extranodal extension in patients with positive lymph nodes: an important association that may affect clinical management.

Background: While there is consensus that significant extrathyroidal extension (ETE) (T4) should upstage a patient with well-differentiated thyroid cancer, the importance of minimal ETE (T3) remains controversial. Additionally, the importance of nodal metastases on prognosis has come under scrutiny. Recent publications highlight the importance of size, number of positive nodes, and, in particular, the presence of extranodal extension (ENE) as measures of disease aggressiveness.

Clonal analysis of hepatitis B viruses among blood donors from Joinville, Brazil: evidence of dual infections, intragenotype recombination and markers of risk for hepatocellular carcinoma.

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is classified into seven major genotypes (A-H). Brazil, a country of continental proportions, has three prevailing lineages of HBV genotypes A, D, and F. Distinct HBV genotypes have been associated with differential risk of disease progression.