Process development for the production of mesenchymal stromal cell-derived extracellular vesicles in conventional 2D systems.

Background: In recent years, the importance of extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) has increased significantly. For their widespread use, a standardized EV manufacturing is needed which often includes conventional, static 2D systems. For these system critical process parameters need to be determined.