Synthesis of multi-layer graphene oxide from HCl-treated coke and Brazilian coals by sulfuric acid thermal exfoliation and ozone oxidation.

This study involved the synthesis and characterization of graphene oxide (GO) from mineral coke and bituminous coal. HCl treated and non-HCl treated ultrafine powder obtained from both precursors were treated with HSO, followed by thermal treatment, and oxidation with ozone and ultra-sonication for GO production. The synthesized materials were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), zeta potential (ZP), particle size distribution (PSD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy.