Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Otolaryngology Office Visit and Tympanostomy Tube Placement in Children with Otitis Media.

Objectives: Racial disparities are pervasive in access to pediatric surgery. The goal of this study was to test the hypotheses that, compared with White children, non-White and Hispanic children: (1) were less likely to attend evaluations by otolaryngologists after a diagnosis of otitis media (OM) eligible for surgical referral, and (2) these children were less likely to receive tympanostomy tube (TT) after surgical consultation.

Methods: The OptumLabs Data Warehouse is a de-identified claims database of privately insured enrollees.

Telehealth as an effective method of follow-up for pediatric post tonsillectomy patients.

Purpose: To determine if pediatric patients can be safely and effectively managed postoperatively with nurse led telehealth communication.

Methods: This is a retrospective case series conducted at a tertiary academic medical center pediatric otolaryngology practice. Retrospective chart review was conducted on patients <18 years old who underwent tonsillectomy from January 2017 to December 2019.

Indirect management of full-thickness tracheal erosion in a complex pediatric patient.

Prolonged tracheostomy dependence in pediatric patients can be associated with significant complications, including damage to the tracheal wall requiring reconstruction. We present a case of an 8 year-old female with full-thickness tracheal erosion secondary to the presence of a tracheostomy tube combined with a narrow thoracic inlet. A direct tracheal reconstruction was considered but eliminated due to the poor tissue quality of the trachea.

Detection of high-risk human papillomavirus infection in tonsillar specimens using 2 commercially available assays.

THE OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY IS TO DETERMINE THE PREVALENCE OF HIGH-RISK HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS (HRHPV) INFECTION IN TONSILLAR SWABS AND TISSUE: Patients undergoing tonsillectomy for nonmalignant causes were enrolled. A flocked swab and fresh tissue were collected from the left and right tonsil of each patient. Specimens were tested for hrHPV DNA using the Roche cobas test and for the presence of E6/E7 messenger RNA using the Hologic Aptima hrHPV test.

Pediatric malignant salivary gland tumors: 60 year follow up.

Objective: To evaluate the presentation, treatments and outcomes in pediatric patients with salivary gland malignancies.

Study Design: Retrospective chart review (1950-2012), Prospective phone interview.

Methods: Patients ≤18 years old with a salivary gland malignancy treated at our institution were identified.

Supraglottoplasty outcomes in children with Down syndrome.

Objective: Children with Down syndrome have a higher incidence of upper airway obstruction and laryngomalacia. We sought to determine outcomes of supraglottoplasty in this patient population.

Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed from January 2000 through January 2014.

Stridor is not always croup.

Respiratory distress and stridor are common presenting symptoms for children in the emergency department. Most of these children will have common illnesses such as bronchiolitis or croup. Clinicians, however, must maintain a broad differential diagnosis and a healthy skepticism in the approach to each child's case so as not to miss uncommon or atypical presentations.

Factors associated with revision adenoidectomy.

Objective: To determine whether patient factors (eg, indication for initial surgery, medical comorbidity, or age) are associated with adenoid regrowth and subsequent need for revision adenoidectomy and whether surgical factors (eg, surgical technique or level of surgeon's training) are associated with adenoid regrowth and subsequent need for revision adenoidectomy.

Study Design: Historical cohort study.

Setting: Tertiary care academic medical center.

Management of eustachian tube dysfunction with nasal steroid spray: a prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled trial.

Objective: To determine the efficacy of intranasal aqueous triamcinolone acetonide in treating the tympanometric signs and symptoms of eustachian tube dysfunction, such as otitis media with effusion and negative middle ear pressure.

Design: Randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind prospective clinical trial.

Setting: Tertiary referral clinic.

Spontaneous epiglottic hematoma secondary to supratherapeutic anticoagulation.

Hemorrhage into the soft tissues of the airway represents a potentially life-threatening complication of long-term anticoagulation. We report the case of a chronically anticoagulated 37-year-old male who developed a spontaneous hematoma of the epiglottis secondary to a supra-therapeutic INR. Epiglottic hematoma should be considered in the differential of any anticoagulated patient presenting with upper airway compromise.

The visiting medical student clerkship program at Mayo Clinic.

Objective: To describe the history, objectives, statistics, and initiatives used to address challenges associated with the Mayo Clinic Visiting Medical Student (VMS) Clerkship Program.

Materials And Methods: Mayo Clinic administrative records were reviewed for calendar years 1995 through 2008 to determine the effect of interventions to increase the numbers of appropriately qualified international VMSs and underrepresented minority VMSs. For numerical data, descriptive statistics were used; for comparisons, chi(2) tests were performed.

Visiting medical student elective and clerkship programs: a survey of US and Puerto Rico allopathic medical schools.

Background: No published reports of studies have provided aggregate data on visiting medical student (VMS) programs at allopathic medical schools.

Methods: During 2006, a paper survey was mailed to all 129 allopathic medical schools in the United States and Puerto Rico using a list obtained from the Association of American Medical Colleges. Contents of the survey items were based on existing literature and expert opinion and addressed various topics related to VMS programs, including organizational aspects, program objectives, and practical issues.

Changes in incidence and indications of tonsillectomy and adenotonsillectomy, 1970-2005.

Objective: To investigate 35-year epidemiological trends in tonsillectomy and adenotonsillectomy. STUDY DESIGN/SUBJECTS: Cross-sectional survey. Subjects included all patients from birth to age 29 years who had tonsillectomy or adenotonsillectomy from 1970 to 2005.

Clinical practice guideline: benign paroxysmal positional vertigo.

Objectives: This guideline provides evidence-based recommendations on managing benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV), which is the most common vestibular disorder in adults, with a lifetime prevalence of 2.4 percent. The guideline targets patients aged 18 years or older with a potential diagnosis of BPPV, evaluated in any setting in which an adult with BPPV would be identified, monitored, or managed.

Real-time PCR vs standard culture detection of group A beta-hemolytic streptococci at various anatomic sites in tonsillectomy patients.

Objective: To compare rates of group A beta-hemolytic streptococci (GABHS) detection by real-time polymerase chain reaction (rtPCR) and standard culture (SCx) at different anatomic sites to determine whether a more patient-friendly site (eg, retromolar trigone or gingivobuccal sulcus) would yield results similar to the tonsillar surface. Real-time polymerase chain reaction can detect GABHS at rates equal to SCx, and results require only a few hours.

Design: Prospective study.

Cat-scratch disease of the head and neck in a pediatric population: surgical indications and outcomes.

Objective: To identify the presentation of pediatric patients with head and neck manifestations of cat-scratch disease, one of the most common causes of subacute or chronic lymphadenitis in children, and to determine surgical indications and outcomes.

Study Design: Case series.

Subjects And Methods: All pediatric patients from infancy to age 19 years who presented with clinical symptoms of cat-scratch disease and had an IgG serological test result of more than 1:128 for Bartonella henselae.

Quality of life after tonsillectomy in children with recurrent tonsillitis.

Objective: To describe changes in disease-specific and global quality of life (QOL) for children with recurrent or chronic tonsillitis at 6 months and 1 year after tonsillectomy using two validated instruments, the Tonsil and Adenoid Health Status Instrument (TAHSI) and the Child Health Questionaire-PF28 (CHQ-PF28).

Study Design And Setting: A multicenter, prospective observational outcomes study.

Results: Ninety-two children, mean age (SD) 10.

Quality of life after tonsillectomy in adults with recurrent or chronic tonsillitis.

Objective: To describe changes in disease-specific and global quality of life (QOL) for adults with recurrent or chronic tonsillitis at 6 months and 1 year after tonsillectomy using two instruments: the Tonsil and Adenoid Health Status Instrument (TAHSI) and the SF-12 Health Survey (12-item short form of SF-36 Health Survey).

Study Design And Setting: Multicenter, prospective observational outcomes study.

Results: Seventy-two adults, mean age 28.

Late-onset laryngomalacia: a variant of disease.

Objective: To identify and describe the features of laryngomalacia (LM) in a cohort of older children, with the goal of providing an approach to diagnosis and management of these patients. Laryngomalacia is a common congenital disorder characterized by decreased laryngeal tone, supraglottic collapse, and stridor during inspiration and is rarely seen in older children. However, the presence of LM in this population may be obscured by related but uncommon clinical features.

Otorhinolaryngologic manifestations of eosinophilic esophagitis.

Similar to gastrointestinal symptoms of eosinophilic esophagitis (EE), symptoms of otorhinolaryngologic disease associated with EE often are refractory to traditional treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease. Patient demographics and characteristics often are similar. Clinicians must maintain a high index of suspicion to accurately diagnose and manage airway findings related to esophagitis.

Obstructive lingual tonsil hypertrophy in recurrent thyroglossal duct cyst.

The association between recurrent thyroglossal duct cyst (TGDC) and obstructive lingual tonsil hypertrophy has not previously been discussed. We present the case of a 7-year-old child whose medical and surgical course was complicated by these synchronous factors. The aim of this report is to present the risk factors for recurrence of TGDC and the unique challenge that concurrent lingual tonsil hypertrophy and airway obstruction present to management of patients.