Natural Resistance of to Miltefosine Contributes to the Low Efficacy in the Treatment of Visceral Leishmaniasis in Brazil.

In India, visceral leishmaniasis (VL) caused by has been successfully treated with miltefosine with a cure rate of > 90%. To assess the efficacy and safety of oral miltefosine against Brazilian VL, which is caused by , a phase II, open-label, dose-escalation study of oral miltefosine was conducted in children (aged 2-12 years) and adolescent-adults (aged 13-60 years). Definitive cure was assessed at a 6-month follow-up visit.