Deleterious role of TLR3 during hyperoxia-induced acute lung injury.

Rationale: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) manifests clinically as a consequence of septic and/or traumatic injury in the lung. Oxygen therapy remains a major therapeutic intervention in ARDS, but this can contribute further to lung damage. Patients with ARDS are highly susceptible to viral infection and it may be due to altered Toll-like receptor (TLR) expression.

Carboxylic acid bioisosteres acylsulfonamides, acylsulfamides, and sulfonylureas as novel antagonists of the CXCR2 receptor.

A series of novel acylsulfonamide, acylsulfamide, and sulfonylurea bioisosteres of carboxylic acids were prepared as CXCR2 antagonists. Structure-activity relationships are reported for these series. One potent orally bioavailable inhibitor had excellent PK properties and was active in a lung injury model in hyperoxia-exposed newborn rats.