The crystal structures of 3--benzyl-1,2--iso-propyl-idene-5--methane-sulfonyl-6--tri-phenyl-methyl-α-d-gluco-furan-ose and its azide displacement product.

The effect of different leaving groups on the substitution elimination outcomes with C-5 d-glucose derivatives was investigated. The stereochemical configurations of 3--benzyl-1,2--iso-propyl-idene-5--methane-sulfonyl-6--tri-phenyl-methyl-α-d-gluco-furan-ose, CHOS () [systematic name: 1-[(3a,5,6,6a)-6-benz-yloxy-2,2-di-methyl-tetra-hydro-furo[2,3-][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)-2-(trit-yloxy)ethyl methane-sulfonate], a stable inter-mediate, and 5-azido-3--benzyl-5-de-oxy-1,2--iso-propyl-idene-6--tri-phenyl-methyl-β-l-ido-furan-ose, CHNO () [systematic name: (3a,5,6,6a)-5-[1-azido-2-(trit-yloxy)eth-yl]-6-benz-yloxy-2,2-di-methyl-tetra-hydro-furo[2,3-][1,3]dioxole], a substitution product, were examined and the inversion of configuration for the azido group on C-5 in was confirmed. The absolute structures of the mol-ecules in the crystals of both compounds were confirmed by resonant scattering.

Back to (non-)Basics: An Update on Neutral and Charge-Balanced Glycosidase Inhibitors.

Glycosidases have important anti-cancer, anti-viral and anti-diabetic properties. This review covers the literature in the past 15 years since our initial review in this journal on "neutral" glycosidase inhibitors lacking a basic nitrogen found in iminosugars and azasugars or inhibitors that are neutral by virtue of being "charge-balanced" (zwitterionic). These structurally diverse inhibitors include lactones, lactams, epoxides such as cyclophellitol, and sulfonium ion derivatives of the natural product salacinol.

Identification of electric-field-dependent steps in the Na(+),K(+)-pump cycle.

The charge-transporting activity of the Na(+),K(+)-ATPase depends on its surrounding electric field. To isolate which steps of the enzyme's reaction cycle involve charge movement, we have investigated the response of the voltage-sensitive fluorescent probe RH421 to interaction of the protein with BTEA (benzyltriethylammonium), which binds from the extracellular medium to the Na(+),K(+)-ATPase's transport sites in competition with Na(+) and K(+), but is not occluded within the protein. We find that only the occludable ions Na(+), K(+), Rb(+), and Cs(+) cause a drop in RH421 fluorescence.

The correlation between anterior ischemic optic neuropathy the non-arthritic form, and the treatment involving alpha-interferon.

The anterior ischemic optic neuropathy is an uncommon complication of alpha-Interferon treatment, characterized by the either temporary or permanent diminishing in visual acuity. We are hereby presenting the clinical case of an anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (non-arteritic form) complicating interferon therapy for Chronic Hepatitis C. In such cases we recommend ophthalmological examinations and if severe ophthalmologic complications occur antiviral treatment should be stopped immediately.

Beneficial dexa-related effects of natural polyphenols on experimentally-induced diabetes mellitus complications.

Unlabelled: The benefits of the proanthocyanidins, polyphenols extracted from black grapes seeds, have been shown by using as experimental model, namely streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus on Wistar white rats.

Material And Method: Streptozotocin was administered in a single intraperitoneal dose of 60 mg/Kg body mass. Vegetal polyphenols were administered as water solution, in a dose of 0.

[Acute posterior multifocal placoid pigmentary epitheliopathy--case report ].

We present a case of young female diagnosed with acute posterior multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy, presented with decreased visual acuity. Main differential diagnosis were discussed as well as some general data regarding the pathology of this relatively rare syndrome.