Behavioral risk factors and socioeconomic inequalities in ischemic heart disease mortality in the United States: A causal mediation analysis using record linkage data.

Background: Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is a major cause of death in the United States (US), with marked mortality inequalities. Previous studies have reported inconsistent findings regarding the contributions of behavioral risk factors (BRFs) to socioeconomic inequalities in IHD mortality. To our knowledge, no nationwide study has been conducted on this topic in the US.

The risk relationships between alcohol consumption, alcohol use disorder and alcohol use disorder mortality: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background And Aims: Increasing levels of alcohol use are associated with a risk of developing an alcohol use disorder (AUD), which, in turn, is associated with considerable burden. Our aim was to estimate the risk relationships between alcohol consumption and AUD incidence and mortality.

Method: A systematic literature search was conducted, using Medline, Embase, PsycINFO and Web of Science for case-control or cohort studies published between 1 January 2000 and 8 July 2022.

Alcoholic beverage types consumed by population subgroups in the United States: Implications for alcohol policy to address health disparities.

Introduction: We aimed to identify alcoholic beverage types more likely to be consumed by demographic subgroups with greater alcohol-related health risk than others, mainly individuals with low socio-economic status, racial/ethnic minority status and high drinking levels.

Methods: Fractional logit modelling was performed using a nationally representative sample of US adult drinkers (analytic N = 37,657) from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions Waves 2 (2004-2005) and 3 (2012-2013). The outcomes were the proportions of pure alcohol consumed as beer, wine, liquor and coolers (defined as wine-/malt-/liquor-based coolers, hard lemonade, hard cider and any prepackaged cocktails of alcohol and mixer).

Differential Associations of Alcohol Use With Ischemic Heart Disease Mortality by Socioeconomic Status in the US, 1997-2018.

Importance: People with low socioeconomic status (SES) experience greater burden from alcohol-attributable health conditions and mortality at equal levels of alcohol consumption compared with those with high SES. A U-shaped association has been established between alcohol use and ischemic heart disease (IHD), but no study has explored how such an association differs by SES in the US.

Objective: To investigate how the association of alcohol use with ischemic heart disease mortality differs by SES in the general US population.

The Relationship Between Alcohol Consumption, BMI, and Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-analysis.

Background: Moderate alcohol use may be associated with lower risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Previous reviews have reached mixed conclusions.

Purpose: To quantify the dose-response relationship between alcohol consumption and T2DM, accounting for differential effects by sex and BMI.

How does alcohol use impact morbidity and mortality of liver cirrhosis? A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis.

Background: Alcohol consumption is the most important risk factor responsible for the disease burden of liver cirrhosis (LC). Estimates of risk relationships available usually neither distinguish between different causes such as alcohol-related LC or hepatitis-related LC, nor differentiate between morbidity and mortality as outcome. We aimed to address this research gap and identify dose-response relationships between alcohol consumption and LC, by cause and outcome.

A systematic review on the impact of alcohol use on sexually transmitted infections.

Alcohol use has been associated with multiple types of sexual risk behaviors, such as condomless sex or having multiple sexual partners, behaviors that are linked to the risk of sexually transmitted infections (STIs). The aim of this review was to present updated evidence to demonstrate an association between alcohol consumption and STIs and evaluate the causal nature of this link, as well as to present interventions that reduce alcohol consumption and its effect on STIs. We conducted a systematic review according to the PRISMA guidelines using PubMed and Embase databases.

Reducing alcohol use through alcohol control policies in the general population and population subgroups: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Unlabelled: We estimate the effects of alcohol taxation, minimum unit pricing (MUP), and restricted temporal availability on overall alcohol consumption and review their differential impact across sociodemographic groups. Web of Science, Medline, PsycInfo, Embase, and EconLit were searched on 08/12/2022 and 09/26/2022 for studies on newly introduced or changed alcohol policies published between 2000 and 2022 (Prospero registration: CRD42022339791). We combined data using random-effects meta-analyses.

Liver holidays? A meta-analysis of drinking the same amount of alcohol daily or non-daily and the risk for cirrhosis.

Introduction: Several alcohol drinking guidelines indicate that daily alcohol consumption should be avoided because of its negative impact on the liver and to avoid the development of alcohol use disorders. Evidence that supports this recommendation is scarce. Our aim was to compare daily versus non-daily drinking and its association with liver cirrhosis.

A population-based study of mortality due to muscular dystrophies across a 36-year period in Spain.

Muscular dystrophies (MD) are a group of rare hereditary degenerative diseases. Our aim was to analyze the mortality pattern in Spain from 1981 to 2016 to assess the temporal trend and discern possible geographic differences using population-based data. Annual deaths related to MD were obtained from the National Statistics Institute with codes 359.

Effectiveness of a group educational intervention - prolact - in primary care to promote exclusive breastfeeding: a cluster randomized clinical trial.

Background: The rates of exclusive breastfeeding at 6 months in Spain are far from recommended by the World Health Organization, which is 50% by 2025. Evidence of the effectiveness of group interventions in late postpartum is limited. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the PROLACT group educational intervention for increasing the proportion of mother-child dyads with exclusive breastfeeding at 6 months compared to the usual practice in primary care.

Sex-specific association between alcohol consumption and liver cirrhosis: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis.

Unlabelled: Different studies have shown that females develop liver diseases at lower levels of alcohol consumption than males. Our aim was to quantify the dose-response relationship between alcohol consumption and the risk of liver cirrhosis by sex and identify the differences between females and males. A systematic review was conducted using PubMed/Medline and Embase to identify longitudinal and case-control studies that analyzed the relationship between the level of alcohol use and liver cirrhosis (LC) incidence, and mortality (ICD-8 and ICD-9 codes 571 and ICD-10 codes K70, K73, K74).

Dose-Response Relationships between Levels of Alcohol Use and Risks of Mortality or Disease, for All People, by Age, Sex, and Specific Risk Factors.

Alcohol use has been causally linked to more than 200 disease and injury conditions, as defined by three-digit ICD-10 codes. The understanding of how alcohol use is related to these conditions is essential to public health and policy research. Accordingly, this study presents a narrative review of different dose-response relationships for alcohol use.

Impact of alcohol on the progression of HCV-related liver disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background & Aims: Despite a marked reduction in new cases of cirrhosis caused by HCV infection, over 500,000 new cirrhosis cases in this category were estimated globally in 2019. This contribution quantifies the relationship between alcohol use and the progression of liver disease in people with HCV infections.

Methods: The causal impact of different levels of alcohol use on cirrhosis has previously been established.

Changes in alcohol consumption in Spain between 1990 and 2019.

Spain is one of the countries of the European Union in which alcohol consumption has decreased in the past decades. The aim of this paper is to distinguish different phases of the level of alcohol consumption in Spain since 1990. Adult alcohol consumption per capita data between 1990 and 2019 were analysed for temporal trends using the Joinpoint regression model.

Alcohol use disorders and the risk of progression of liver disease in people with hepatitis C virus infection - a systematic review.

Liver cirrhosis and other chronic liver diseases are usually compartmentalized into separate categories based on etiology (e.g., due to alcohol, virus infection, etc.

Tetralogy of Fallot in Spain: a nationwide registry-based mortality study across 36 years.

Background: Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is the most frequent cyanotic congenital heart defect. TOF mortality has fallen remarkably in recent years due to therapeutic advances. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to assess temporal and spatial variability in TOF-related mortality in Spain across the period 1981-2016, using data drawn from the nationwide population-based registry.