Dalbavancin vs standard of care for Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia in patients unable to receive outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy.

Background: This study compared dalbavancin with standard of care (SOC) for patients with Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia (SAB) who were unable to receive outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy (OPAT).

Methods: This retrospective cohort compared re-admission rates related to the index infection between patients treated with dalbavancin or SOC for SAB. Patients aged ≥18 years seen by the infectious diseases consult service who had received at least one dose of dalbavancin or at least 1 week of SOC parenteral antibacterials as directed therapy for SAB at the time of discharge were included.

Cryptococcosis in a patient with multiple myeloma receiving pomalidomide: a case report and literature review.

While overall survival with multiple myeloma (MM) has improved, patients suffer from overwhelming tumor burden, MM-associated comorbidities, and frequent relapses requiring administration of salvage therapies. As a result, this vicious cycle is often characterized by cumulative immunodeficiency stemming from a combination of disease- and treatment-related factors leading to neutropenia, T-cell deficiency, and hypogammaglobulinemia. Infectious etiologies differ based on the duration of MM and treatment-related factors, such as number of previous treatments and cumulative dose of corticosteroids.

Missed opportunities to identify cryptococcosis in COVID-19 patients: a case report and literature review.

SARS-CoV-2 may activate both innate and adaptive immune responses ultimately leading to a dysregulated immune response prompting the use of immunomodulatory therapy. Although viral pneumonia increases the risk of invasive fungal infections, it remains unclear whether SARS-CoV-2 infection, immunomodulatory therapy, or a combination of both are responsible for the increased recognition of opportunistic infections in COVID-19 patients. Cases of cryptococcosis have previously been reported following treatment with corticosteroids, interleukin (IL)-6 inhibitors, and Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors, for patients with autoimmune diseases, but their effect on the immunologic response in patients with COVID-19 remains unknown.

Piperacillin-Tazobactam Versus Carbapenems for the Treatment of Nonbacteremic Urinary Tract Infections due to Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae.

Carbapenems are the drug of choice for treatment of infections due to extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae. Current evidence regarding piperacillin-tazobactam (PTZ) as an effective treatment alternative remains controversial. The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of PTZ versus carbapenems for treatment of nonbacteremic urinary tract infections (UTIs) due to ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae.