Late Pleistocene landscape changes and habitat specialization as promoters of population genomic divergence in Amazonian floodplain birds.

Although vicariant processes are expected to leave similar genomic signatures among codistributed taxa, ecological traits such as habitat and stratum can influence genetic divergence within species. Here, we combined landscape history and habitat specialization to understand the historical and ecological factors responsible for current levels of genetic divergence in three species of birds specialized in seasonally flooded habitats in muddy rivers and which are widespread in the Amazon basin but have isolated populations in the Rio Branco. Populations of the white-bellied spinetail (Mazaria propinqua), lesser wagtail-tyrant (Stigmatura napensis) and bicolored conebill (Conirostrum bicolor) are currently isolated in the Rio Branco by the black-waters of the lower Rio Negro, offering a unique opportunity to test the effect of river colour as a barrier to gene flow.

Women Survivors of Adolescent Dating Violence Describe the Maintenance of Their Abusive Relationships: First Person Stories via YouTube.

The current study explores the personal stories of young women on their own experiences with adolescent dating violence and focuses on their perceptions of the relevant factors that maintained the relationship over time. To this end, we analyzed seven publicly available videos on YouTube of women explaining their experiences of adolescent dating violence, including how they perceived their relationships to be maintained over time. We identified four major sources these survivors perceived as contributing to the maintenance of adolescent dating violence: the Self, the Partner, the Relational Dynamic, and Other People.

The validation of 3D virtual comparison microscopy (VCM) in the comparison of expended cartridge cases.

In this study, the Cadre TopMatch-3D scanner and associated virtual comparison software was evaluated to determine whether this technique is a valid and reliable method of conducting cartridge component comparisons. That is, if virtual comparison microscopy (VCM) produces results at least equivalent to those generated through traditional light comparison microscopy (LCM), the method would be deemed valid for use in an operational setting. Particular emphasis was placed on the capability to render same source conclusions.

Inferring the geographic origin of a range expansion: Latitudinal and longitudinal coordinates inferred from genomic data in an ABC framework with the program x-origin.

Climatic or environmental change is not only driving distributional shifts in species today, but it has also caused distributions to expand and contract in the past. Inferences about the geographic locations of past populations especially regions that served as refugia (i.e.

Thinking about trauma: the unique contributions of event centrality and posttraumatic cognitions in predicting PTSD and posttraumatic growth.

Researchers have been investigating possible pathways to negative (posttraumatic stress disorder [PTSD]) and positive (posttraumatic growth [PTG]) reactions to trauma in recent decades. Two cognitive constructs, event centrality and posttraumatic cognitions, have been implicated to uniquely predict PTSD symptoms in an undergraduate sample. The current pair of studies attempted to (a) replicate this finding in an undergraduate sample, (b) replicate this finding in a treatment-seeking sample, and (c) explore whether these 2 cognitive constructs uniquely predict PTG.

Perceiving a negative event as central to one's identity partially mediates age differences in posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms.

Objective: Older adults report fewer posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms than younger adults, but the reasons for this age difference are unclear. In the current study, the authors explored the extent to which they may be due to age differences in event centrality (the extent to which a person construes a stressful event as central to their identity).

Method: A sample of older and younger adults nominated their most stressful event and completed measures of PTSD symptoms and event centrality.

College students and HIV/AIDS: a comparison of nontraditional and traditional student perspectives.

Objective And Participants: The authors compared nontraditional college students' knowledge and perceptions of HIV/AIDS and sexual practices with previously reported results about traditional students.

Methods: Nontraditional students completed an online survey with questions based on national HIV/AIDS surveys. Traditional students completed the same survey with paper and pencil.

Limited transmission of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis despite a high proportion of infectious cases in Los Angeles County, California.

Preventing transmission of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis is critical because of treatment toxicity, cost, and the lack of effective therapy for latent infection. We attempted to determine the extent of transmission in Los Angeles County by comparing relatedness of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis cases using restriction fragment length polymorphism and by cross-matching contact information to the Tuberculosis Registry. Strain typing was done on isolates of 102 pulmonary multidrug-resistant cases identified between August 1993 and 1998.

Profile of Tuberculosis among Foreign-born Asians Residing in Los Angeles County, California, 1985­1994.

PURPOSE. To present a profile of tuberculosis %lpar;TB) among foreign& shy;born Asians residing in Los Angeles County and priorities in eliminating TB. SUMMARY OF METHODS UTILIZED.