Toe-in and toe-out gait retraining interventions for individuals with knee osteoarthritis trial: A pilot randomised clinical trial.

Background: Gait retraining, through altering foot progression angle, has the potential to reduce pain and offload the medial tibiofemoral compartment in people with knee osteoarthritis. This pilot study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of toe-in and toe-out gait retraining on self-reported pain and physical function, and proxy measures of medial knee load, in individuals with medial knee osteoarthritis.

Methods: Twenty participants with symptomatic medial knee osteoarthritis were randomly allocated to receive either toe-in or toe-out gait retraining for six-weeks, consisting of weekly clinician-supervised sessions and ≥ 30 min of daily self-practice.

The Biomechanics Research and Innovation Challenge: Development, Implementation, Uptake, and Reflections on the Inaugural Program.

Biomechanics as a discipline is ideally placed to increase awareness and participation of girls and women in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics. A nationwide Biomechanics and Research Innovation Challenge (BRInC) centered on mentoring and role modeling was developed to engage high school girls (mentees) and early-mid-career women (mentors) in the field of biomechanics through the completion of a 100-day research and/or innovation project. This manuscript describes the development, implementation, and uptake of the inaugural BRInC program and synthesizes the research and innovation projects undertaken, providing a framework for adoption of this program within the global biomechanics community.

Delivering Load-Modifying Gait Retraining Interventions via Telehealth in People With Medial Knee Osteoarthritis: A Pilot Randomized Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial.

We aimed to investigate the effects of delivering 3 gait retraining interventions (toe-in, toe-out, and placebo gait) on proxy measures of medial knee load (early- and late-stance peak knee adduction moment [KAM], KAM impulse, and varus thrust) in people with knee osteoarthritis, using a hybrid model of face-to-face and telehealth-delivered sessions over 5 months. This was an originally planned 3-arm randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial. However, during the 2021 COVID-19 outbreak and lockdown in Sydney, Australia, the study became a pilot randomized controlled trial with the remainder of interventions delivered via telehealth.

Toe-in and toe-out gait retraining interventions to reduce proxy measures of medial knee joint load in people with medial knee osteoarthritis: Protocol for a randomised placebo-controlled trial.

Objective: Our primary aim is to determine the effect of a six-week toe-in, toe-out and active placebo gait retraining program on proxy measures of medial knee joint load and varus thrust in people with medial knee osteoarthritis. Our secondary aim is to determine the intervention effects on patient reported outcomes and physical function and determine if changes are maintained at three-months follow-up.

Methods: We will conduct a three-arm randomised placebo-controlled trial.

Relationship Between Knee Biomechanics and Pain in People With Knee Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Objective: Our primary aim was to determine the cross-sectional relationship between knee biomechanics during gait and pain in people with medial knee osteoarthritis. Our secondary aim was to evaluate differences in knee biomechanics between symptomatic and asymptomatic participants with medial knee osteoarthritis.

Methods: Four online databases were searched from inception to July 2021.

The suitability of high throughput automated patch clamp for physiological applications.

Although automated patch clamp (APC) devices have been around for many years and have become an integral part of many aspects of drug discovery, high throughput instruments with gigaohm seal data quality are relatively new. Experiments where a large number of compounds are screened against ion channels are ideally suited to high throughput APC, particularly when the amount of compound available is low. Here we evaluate different APC approaches using a variety of ion channels and screening settings.

The effect of footwear and foot orthoses on transverse plane knee motion during running - A pilot study.

Objectives: This study aimed to determine the immediate effects of footwear and foot orthoses on transverse plane rotation of the knee joint during the stance phase of jogging gait.

Design: An experimental, within subjects, repeated measures design.

Methods: Three-dimensional knee kinematics were estimated in the transverse plane by surface-mounted markers as 14 asymptomatic participants ran in four randomised conditions; neutral shoe, neutral shoe with customised orthoses, neutral shoe with prefabricated orthoses, and a stability shoe.

Control and measurement of plasma pH in equilibrium dialysis: influence on drug plasma protein binding.

Past publications have highlighted the influence of postdialysis plasma pH on the measured fraction unbound in plasma (fup). There is disparity in the industry as to which of two main methods is more suitable for controlling postdialysis plasma pH: the use of either a stronger buffer or a CO(2) atmosphere for the incubation. In the current study, it has been found that 10% CO(2) could be too high for the buffering capacities of both 100 mM sodium phosphate (pH 7.

The effects of PM10 particles and oxidative stress on macrophages and lung epithelial cells: modulating effects of calcium-signaling antagonists.

We have previously examined the ability of air pollution particles (PM(10)) to promote release of the proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells and demonstrated a role for calcium as a signaling molecule in this process. We have now studied the ability of oxidative stress induced by a synthetic oxidant tert-butyl hydroperoxide (tBHP) to induce TNF-alpha production via calcium signaling in the mouse macrophage cell line (J774). The oxidant tBHP significantly increased intracellular calcium and the release of TNF-alpha in J774 cells, an effect that was reduced to control levels by inhibition of calcium signaling with verapamil, BAPTA-AM, and W-7.