Bronchogenic cyst of the posterior neck mimicking lymphatic malformation.

Bronchogenic cysts are embryologic malformations of the foregut and are rarely found head and neck region. Here we present a case of an upper scapular/lower posterior neck cystic mass which was initially suspicious for lymphatic malformation but confirmed by pathology to be an ectopic bronchogenic cyst.

Inflammatory choroiditis and papillitis from Crohn's disease in a child.

A 5-year-old boy had subacute painless visual loss in his left eye with disk edema, macular edema, and choroidal thickening. He was subsequently diagnosed with inflammatory papillitis and choroiditis from Crohn's disease. The disk and macular edema responded minimally to antivascular endothelial growth factor injections but significantly to intravitreal corticosteroids.

Biallelic mutations in FDXR cause neurodegeneration associated with inflammation.

Mitochondrial dysfunction lies behind many neurodegenerative disorders, owing largely to the intense energy requirements of most neurons. Such mitochondrial dysfunction may work through a variety of mechanisms, from direct disruption of the electron transport chain to abnormal mitochondrial biogenesis. Recently, we have identified biallelic mutations in the mitochondrial flavoprotein "ferredoxin reductase" (FDXR) gene as a novel cause of mitochondriopathy, peripheral neuropathy, and optic atrophy.

Treatment of inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor of the subglottis with KTP laser: a case report.

Although inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors (IMTs) are seen in the lower respiratory tract in the pediatric population, few cases occurring in the larynx have been reported in the literature. Treatment of choice is complete surgical excision because of risk of recurrence. We describe a case of pediatric subglottic IMT presenting with progressive hoarseness and symptoms of persistent reactive airway treated with potassium titanyl phosphate laser.

Loop-mediated isothermal amplification compared to real-time PCR and enzyme immunoassay for toxigenic Clostridium difficile detection.

Clostridium difficile infection is the primary cause of health care-associated diarrhea. While most laboratories have been using rapid antigen tests for detecting C. difficile toxins, they have poor sensitivity; newer molecular methods offer rapid results with high test sensitivity and specificity.