Safety and Glycemic Outcomes With a Tubeless Automated Insulin Delivery System in Very Young Children With Type 1 Diabetes: A Single-Arm Multicenter Clinical Trial.

Objective: Very young children with type 1 diabetes often struggle to achieve glycemic targets, putting them at risk for long-term complications and creating an immense management burden for caregivers. We conducted the first evaluation of the Omnipod 5 Automated Insulin Delivery System in this population.

Research Design And Methods: A total of 80 children aged 2.

Intensive remote monitoring versus conventional care in type 1 diabetes: A randomized controlled trial.

Objective: While frequent contact with diabetes care providers may improve glycemic control among patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D), in-person visits are labor-intensive and costly. This study was conducted to assess the impact of an intensive remote therapy (IRT) intervention for pediatric patients with T1D.

Methods: Pediatric patients with T1D were randomized to IRT or conventional care (CC) for 6 months.

Yoga Therapy in Children with Cystic Fibrosis Decreases Immediate Anxiety and Joint Pain.

This study was designed to determine whether yoga might alleviate symptoms of pain, sleep disturbance, anxiety, and depression in children with cystic fibrosis (CF). CF is the most common genetic, life-limiting chronic disease among Caucasian populations. It primarily affects the lungs but also many other secretory organs and consequently leads to significant morbidities.

The association between fasting hypoglycemia and methylated mercaptopurine metabolites in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Background: Symptomatic fasting hypoglycemia has been reported as an unusual side effect in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) on maintenance therapy. We evaluated the relation of the red cell 6-mercaptopurine (6-MP) metabolite 6-methyl-mercaptopurine (6MMP) with hypoglycemia.

Procedure: We retrospectively reviewed charts of three patients with ALL and symptomatic hypoglycemia while fasting who were noted to have high levels of 6MMP.

Safety and efficacy of metformin for therapy-induced hyperglycemia in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Background: Hyperglycemia during corticosteroid and asparaginase therapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia is a significant side effect that is usually treated with insulin. Metformin is an oral antidiabetic biguanide that may cause metabolic acidosis and liver enzyme abnormalities of possible concern in patients receiving chemotherapy.

Procedure: We reviewed patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia treated with corticosteroids and asparaginase who received metformin for control of hyperglycemia.

Exenatide as a weight-loss therapy in extreme pediatric obesity: a randomized, controlled pilot study.

The objective of this pilot study was to evaluate the effects of exenatide on BMI (primary endpoint) and cardiometabolic risk factors in nondiabetic youth with extreme obesity. Twelve children and adolescents (age 9-16 years old) with extreme obesity (BMI ≥1.2 times the 95th percentile or BMI ≥35 kg/m(2)) were enrolled in a 6-month, randomized, open-label, crossover, clinical trial consisting of two, 3-month phases: (i) a control phase of lifestyle modification and (ii) a drug phase of lifestyle modification plus exenatide.

The Medtronic Minimed Gold continuous glucose monitoring system: an effective means to discover hypo- and hyperglycemia in children under 7 years of age.

Background: The glycemic patterns of children less than 7 years with type 1 diabetes have not been well studied using continuous glucose monitoring. Our goal was to assess the incidence of hypoglycemia as well as postprandial glycemic patterns in this age group utilizing continuous glucose monitoring.

Methods: Nineteen children used the Medtronic MiniMed (Northridge, CA) CGMS System Gold on three to seven occasions over approximately 6 months.

Association of hypoglycemia, hyperglycemia, and glucose variability with morbidity and death in the pediatric intensive care unit.

Objective: We evaluated retrospectively plasma glucose levels and the degree of hypoglycemia, hyperglycemia, and glucose variability in a PICU and then assessed their association with hospital length of stay and mortality rates.

Methods: Electronic medical records at the Packard Children's Hospital at Stanford University were reviewed retrospectively for all PICU admissions between March 1, 2003, and March 31, 2004. Patients with a known diagnosis of diabetes mellitus were excluded.

Sequential comparisons of one-month and three-month depot leuprolide regimens in central precocious puberty.

Background: Dosing of monthly depot leuprolide (DL) in central precocious puberty (CPP) varies considerably. U.S.

Is growth hormone stimulation testing in children still appropriate?

The diagnosis of growth hormone deficiency (GHD) historically has relied on measurement of growth hormone (GH) concentrations following stimulation, usually with a non-physiologic provocative agent. Despite the use of more specific GH assays, the peak concentration of GH below which a child is considered GH deficient has risen. We examine the pitfalls associated with GH stimulation tests, specifically, the lack of reliability and accuracy of these tests, and their inability to predict who will benefit from GH therapy.

Use of the Cygnus GlucoWatch biographer at a diabetes camp.

Background: Detection and prevention of nocturnal hypoglycemia is a major medical concern at diabetes camps.

Objective: We conducted an open-label trial of the Cygnus GlucoWatch biographer to detect nocturnal hypoglycemia in a diabetes camp, a nonclinical environment with multiple activities.

Methods: Forty-five campers (7-17 years old) wore a biographer.

Low-dose intravenous pamidronate reduces fractures in childhood osteoporosis.

Despite the proven efficacy of low-dose pamidronate in adults with osteoporosis, the efficacy of the low-dose regimen in children has not been studied. Pamidronate (1 mg/kg) was administered intravenously once every 3 months to 11 children with osteoporosis. Treatment was associated with reduced fracture rates and increased areal (BMD) and volumetric (BMAD) bone mineral density measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA).