Empowering lives: How deinstitutionalization and community living improve the quality of life of individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities.

Background: The number of people with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) living in residential settings has not changed substantially in recent years in Spain. To change this situation the project "My House: A Life in the Community" aims to promote the transition of individuals with IDD and high support needs into community settings.

Aims: This paper deepens the understanding of the underlying mechanisms responsible for the changes observed in the process of deinstitutionalization.

Exploring the Role of Social Support and Sexual Functioning: A Study of Chemsex and Sober Sex in Men Who Have Sex with Men.

Research on chemsex, the intentional use of certain drugs in sexual contexts by gay men and other men who have sex with men (MSM), has been growing in recent years although, even today, much of it focuses on drug use and its consequences, rather than on the sexual and social experiences of users. This study aimed to explore the influence of social support and sexual functioning on the frequency of chemsex and sober sex. A sample of 160 MSM WAS recruited through social media and NGOs.

The "Chemsex" Phenomenon and Its Relationship with Psychological Variables in Men Who Have Sex with Men.

Chemsex is described as the use of psychoactive substances during sexual activity to sustain, enhance, disinhibit, or facilitate the sexual experience. It preferentially concerns men who have sex with men. The main objective of this study was to examine the relationship between participation in chemsex and the psychological variables impulsivity, sexual assertiveness, and hypersexuality.

Improving Quality of Life and Reducing Behavioral Problems of People With Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Through Deinstitutionalization.

Antecedents: People with intellectual and developmental disability (IDD) with extensive support needs are more likely to live in segregated and highly institutionalized environments. The aim of this study was to analyze changes in functioning and quality of life for people with IDD and extensive support needs after transitioning to ordinary homes in the community.

Method: The sample included 54 adults with IDD and extensive support needs, who were assessed at three time points: before transition, six months later, and one year after transition.

Non-coronary atherosclerosis: a marker of poor prognosis in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery.

Introduction: The presence of non-coronary atherosclerosis (NCA) in patients with coronary artery disease is associated with a poor prognosis. We have studied whether NCA is also a predictor of poorer outcomes in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).

Materials And Methods: This is an observational study involving 567 consecutive patients who underwent CABG.

A community living experience: Views of people with intellectual disability with extensive support needs, families, and professionals.

Background: Despite the benefits of community living for people with intellectual disabilities (ID) and extensive support needs, they remain highly institutionalized.

Aims: To qualitatively analyze the perceptions of people with ID, including those with extensive support needs, professionals, and family members six months after the implementation of 11 community homes for 47 people in different regions of Spain METHODS: Thematic analysis of 77 individual interviews conducted with 13 people with ID, 30 professionals and 34 family members was performed using Nvivo12.

Results: Seven themes were found: (1) "the room as I like it", (2) "sometimes I don't obey", (3) "here I do a bit of everything", (4) "lots of people love me here", (5) "all thanks to them, who have helped me" (6) "I miss my mom", and (7) "I'm happy here".

Community Living, Intellectual Disability and Extensive Support Needs: A Rights-Based Approach to Assessment and Intervention.

People with intellectual disability (ID) and extensive support needs experience poorer quality of life than their peers whose disability is not as severe. Many of them live in residential settings that limit community participation and prevent them from exercising control over their lives. This work analyzes the extent to which professional practices are aimed at promoting the right to community living for people with ID and extensive support needs, as well as the rights that are particularly linked to it, such as the right to habilitation and rehabilitation and the right to privacy.

How cancer registries can detect neoplasms in pathology laboratories that code with SNOMED CT terminology? An actual, simple and flexible solution.

Background: Pathology laboratories are one of the main information sources for cancer registries and have traditionally been coded with SNOMED; some of them are migrating to SNOMED CT (SCT). Cancer registries encode topography and morphology of neoplasms by the International Classification of Diseases for Oncology (ICD-O). ICD-O updates morphology with WHO Classification of Tumors (Blue-Books).

Telomere-based risk models for the early diagnosis of clinically significant prostate cancer.

Background: The objective of this study was to explore telomere-associated variables (TAV) as complementary biomarkers in the early diagnosis of prostate cancer (PCa), analyzing their application in risk models for significant PCa (Gleason score > 6).

Methods: As part of a larger prospective longitudinal study of patients with suspicion of PCa undergoing prostate biopsy according to clinical practice, a subgroup of patients (n = 401) with PSA 3-10 ng/ml and no prior biopsies was used to evaluate the contribution of TAV to discern non-significant PCa from significant PCa. The cohort was randomly split for training (2/3) and validation (1/3) of the models.

Lay-Based Morbidity Profiles of Sugar Cane Workers: Testing a New Method Using Free Lists.

Epidemiological profiles are key elements in preventive medicine and public health planning activities. There are no standard methods to identify these profiles. We explored the epidemiological profile of sugar cane workers in the municipality of Ginebra (Valle del Cauca, Colombia) using free lists of municipal morbidity data.

HypercubeME: two hundred million combinatorially complete datasets from a single experiment.

Motivation: Epistasis, the context-dependence of the contribution of an amino acid substitution to fitness, is common in evolution. To detect epistasis, fitness must be measured for at least four genotypes: the reference genotype, two different single mutants and a double mutant with both of the single mutations. For higher-order epistasis of the order n, fitness has to be measured for all 2n genotypes of an n-dimensional hypercube in genotype space forming a "combinatorially complete dataset".

Increasing incidence of colorectal cancer in young adults in Europe over the last 25 years.

Objective: The incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) declines among subjects aged 50 years and above. An opposite trend appears among younger adults. In Europe, data on CRC incidence among younger adults are lacking.

Rotavirus VP6 protein mucosally delivered by cell wall-derived particles from Lactococcus lactis induces protection against infection in a murine model.

Rotaviruses are the primary cause of acute gastroenteritis in children worldwide. Although the implementation of live attenuated vaccines has reduced the number of rotavirus-associated deaths, variance in their effectiveness has been reported in different countries. This fact, among other concerns, leads to continuous efforts for the development of new generation of vaccines against rotavirus.

Definition of a SNOMED CT pathology subset and microglossary, based on 1.17 million biological samples from the Catalan Pathology Registry.

SNOMED CT terminology is not backed by standard norms of encoding among pathologists. The vast number of concepts ordered in hierarchies and axes, together with the lack of rules of use, complicates the functionality of SNOMED CT for coding, extracting, and analyzing the data. Defining subgroups of SNOMED CT by discipline could increase its functionality.

Spatial working memory is enhanced in children by differential outcomes.

Working memory (WM) is essential to academic achievement. Any enhancement of WM abilities may improve children's school performance. We tested the usefulness of the differential outcomes procedure (DOP) to enhance typically developing children's performance on a spatial WM task.

Incidence and risk factors for tenofovir-associated renal toxicity in HIV-infected patients.

Background: Since the beginning of highly active antiretroviral therapy utilization, the association of renal impairment with treatment toxicity is more prevalent. Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) side effects include renal toxicity.

Objective: To assess the incidence of renal damage in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive patients treated with TDF and to identify associated potential risk factors.

Trends in the surgical procedures of women with incident breast cancer in Catalonia, Spain, over a 7-year period (2005-2011).

Background: Breast cancer (BC) is the most frequent cancer in women, accounting for 28% of all tumors among women in Catalonia (Spain). Mastectomy has been replaced over time by breast-conserving surgery (BCS) although not as rapidly as might be expected. The aim of this study was to assess the evolution of surgical procedures in incident BC cases in Catalonia between 2005 and 2011, and to analyze variations based on patient and hospital characteristics.

Visual recognition memory enhancement in children through differential outcomes.

Objective: The use of differential outcomes has been shown to enhance discriminative learning and face recognition in children and adults. In this study, we further investigated whether the differential outcome procedure (DOP) would also be effective in improving recognition memory for a wide range of stimuli with varying visual complexity (familiar objects, abstract stimuli, and complex scenes) in 5- and 7-year-old children.

Method: Participants viewed a sample stimulus and, after a short (5s) or a long (15s) delay, they had to identify the previously seen stimulus among four choice alternatives.

Surveillance of group A Rotavirus in Buenos Aires 2008-2011, long lasting circulation of G2P[4] strains possibly linked to massive monovalent vaccination in the region.

Background: Group A rotaviruses (RVA) are the most frequent single etiological agents of severe diarrhea in infants. Since 2006 RVA vaccines have been introduced in national schedules of middle and high income countries with substantial declines in rotavirus associated disease burden. However, surveillance must be maintained to, eventually, detect emerging types or variants selected by the new pressure imposed by vaccination.

Differential outcomes training improves face recognition memory in children and in adults with Down syndrome.

Previous studies have demonstrated that the differential outcomes procedure (DOP), which involves paring a unique reward with a specific stimulus, enhances discriminative learning and memory performance in several populations. The present study aimed to further investigate whether this procedure would improve face recognition memory in 5- and 7-year-old children (Experiment 1) and adults with Down syndrome (Experiment 2). In a delayed matching-to-sample task, participants had to select the previously shown face (sample stimulus) among six alternatives faces (comparison stimuli) in four different delays (1, 5, 10, or 15s).

REGSTATTOOLS: freeware statistical tools for the analysis of disease population databases used in health and social studies.

Background: The repertoire of statistical methods dealing with the descriptive analysis of the burden of a disease has been expanded and implemented in statistical software packages during the last years. The purpose of this paper is to present a web-based tool, REGSTATTOOLShttp://regstattools.net intended to provide analysis for the burden of cancer, or other group of disease registry data.

HSV-1 amplicon vectors launch the production of heterologous rotavirus-like particles and induce rotavirus-specific immune responses in mice.

Virus-like particles (VLPs) are promising vaccine candidates because they represent viral antigens in the authentic conformation of the virion and are therefore readily recognized by the immune system. As VLPs do not contain genetic material they are safer than attenuated virus vaccines. In this study, herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) amplicon vectors were constructed to coexpress the rotavirus (RV) structural genes VP2, VP6, and VP7 and were used as platforms to launch the production of RV-like particles (RVLPs) in vector-infected mammalian cells.

Impulsivity differences in recreational cannabis users and binge drinkers in a university population.

Background: Recreational cannabis use and alcohol binge drinking are the most common drug consumption patterns in young adults. Impulsivity and several psychopathological signs are increased in chronic drug users, but the implications of recreational use are still poorly understood.

Methods: We evaluated impulsivity, sensation-seeking traits, impulsive decision-making, inhibitory control and possible symptoms of depression, anxiety and psychosis in three groups of young university adults: recreational cannabis users (N=20), alcohol binge drinkers (N=22) and non-drug users (N=26).

[Statistical Analysis of Rates and Trends (SART): a web-based tool for statistical calculation of population indicators].

We propose a web-based tool (SART: http://regstattools.net/sart.html) that automates calculations to obtain various population indicators that can be used for the control of diseases or health events.