A Comparative Study of Phase I and II Hepatic Microsomal Biotransformation of Phenol in Three Species of Salmonidae: Hydroquinone, Catechol, and Phenylglucuronide Formation.

The biotransformation of phenol at 11 °C was studied using pre-spawn adult rainbow () (RBT), brook () (BKT), and lake trout () (LKT) hepatic microsomal preparations. The incubations were optimized for time, cofactor concentration, pH, and microsomal protein concentration. Formation of Phase I ring-hydroxylation and Phase II glucuronidation metabolites was quantified using HPLC with dual-channel electrochemical and UV detection.

An in vivo microdialysis method for the qualitative analysis of hepatic phase I metabolites of phenol in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss).

Development of reliable and accurate methodologies for determination of xenobiotic hepatic biotransformation rate and capacity parameters is important to the derivation of precise physiologically-based toxicokinetic (PB-TK) models. Biotransformation data incorporated into PB-TK models has, for the most part, depended on in vitro techniques designed to mimic the in vivo environment; however, data from direct in vitro/in vivo comparisons is limited. In this investigation we describe for the first time a method using in vivo microdialysis (MD) to qualitatively assess hepatic xenobiotic biotransformation of phenol in an unanesthetized fish.