Early skills laboratory warnings: Laboratory faculty perspectives on student barriers for progression to experiential education.

Introduction: This study characterized faculty perceptions of student barriers to achieving an Entrustable Professional Activities (EPA) level 2 or higher in the Patient Care Provider domain.

Methods: Pharmacy skills laboratory faculty participated in a nominal group technique (NGT) session. Participants reflected on two questions: "What behaviors would result in a student not achieving a rank of EPA readiness level 2 or higher?" and "What knowledge and skills would result in a student not achieving a rank of EPA readiness level 2 or higher?" Participants developed a ranked list using silent brainstorming, idea generation, clarification, and discussion.

Medication-Related Problems and Interventions Identified and Addressed by Pharmacists Conducting Enhanced Medication Therapy Management Services.

Pharmacists identify, resolve, and document medication-related problems (MRPs) in community pharmacies. Enhanced medication therapy management (eMTM) targets specific situations, such as high-risk medications, while continuous medication monitoring (CoMM) occurs for every patient and is integrated into the dispensing process. This study describes types and frequencies of MRPs and interventions for health plan-directed eMTM and pharmacist-identified CoMM for a cohort of Medicare Part D patients.

Improving the Remediation Process for Skills-based Laboratory Courses in the Doctor of Pharmacy Curriculum.

When students fail to meet minimum competence standards on summative pharmacy skills-based assessments, remediation can be used to ensure student readiness for progression. Skills-based remediation is challenging as a high volume of resources is required to develop an action plan that addresses the heterogeneity in student needs and to create and execute another assessment equivalent to the initial assessment. Although many Doctor of Pharmacy (PharmD) programs face these same challenges, there is no consensus on how to best address them.

An Exploratory Mixed Methods Study of Standardized Patient Comments on Empathy and Student Communication Scores.

To quantify student pharmacists' communication ability based on scores from standardized patient (SP) communication rubrics, describe and categorize SP comments about student empathy, and test the relationship between students' communication scores and empathy. A concurrent mixed methods research design was used to assess a graded performance-based assessment (PBA) of student pharmacists that had been conducted at one college of pharmacy. The PBA rubrics (n=218) completed by SPs contained 20 assessment items and space for open-ended feedback.

Determination of Interrater Reliability of a Universal Evaluator Rubric to Assess Student Pharmacist Communication Skills.

To evaluate the interrater reliability of a universal evaluator rubric used to assess student pharmacist communication skills during patient education sessions. Six US schools and colleges of pharmacy each submitted 10 student videos of a simulated community pharmacy patient education session and recruited two raters in each of the five rater groups (faculty, standardized patients, postgraduate year one residents, student pharmacists, and pharmacy preceptors). Raters used a rubric containing 20 items and a global assessment to evaluate student communication of 12 videos.

Incorporating LGBTQ health into the curriculum: Assessment of student pharmacists' knowledge and comfort level in caring for transgender patients.

Background And Purpose: This study aimed to measure the effects of instruction regarding transgender health in second-year student pharmacists and provide qualitative insight regarding their impressions of the educational experience.

Educational Activity And Setting: Students completed a pre- and post-survey assessing knowledge regarding transgender therapeutics, the pharmacist's role, level of comfort providing care, and impression of exposure to the topic. McNemar's test and paired t-tests compared respondent data before and after the activity.