Nutrition and Lifestyle Interventions in Managing Dyslipidemia and Cardiometabolic Risk.

Dyslipidemia, characterized by abnormal blood lipid levels, is a major public health concern due to its association with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and other cardiometabolic disorders. In this context, appropriate nutrition patterns are pivotal as they represent the basic approach for providing a wide range of substantial advantages. The best evidence for dyslipidemia management is offered by the Mediterranean Diet, the Plant-Based Diet, the High-Fiber Diet and the Anti-inflammatory Diet, while the DASH Diet and the Ketogenic Diet have also been shown to target additional pathological features like hypertension and other comorbidities.

Durability of doravirine/dolutegravir dual combination in a multicentre cohort of elderly people with HIV.

Background: Even though the doravirine/dolutegravir combination is not mentioned by guidelines, real-life data has begun to emerge on its use. We aimed to describe the durability of doravirine/dolutegravir in a multicentre Italian cohort of elderly people with HIV (EPWH).

Methods: We included all EPWH who ever started the doravirine/dolutegravir combination in six Italian centres and were followed up until treatment discontinuation (TD) for any reason (virological failure, death, treatment interruption for other reasons) on 31 March 2024.

Adherence and Forgiveness of Two Modern ART Regimens: Lamivudine/Dolutegravir and Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Alafenamide/Rilpivirine.

Introduction: Few data are available on the forgiveness of 2-drug (2DR) or low-barrier 3-drug antiretroviral regimens. The aim of this study is to evaluate the real-life forgiveness of lamivudine/dolutegravir (3TC/DTG) and emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide/rilpivirine (FTC/TAF/RPV).

Methods: A 2-center retrospective observational study enrolled all people with HIV treated with 3TC/DTG or FTC/TAF/RPV.

An integrated view of the pathophysiological crosstalk between adipose tissue, bone and cardiovascular system in men and women.

Background: Obesity, bone-related and cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are among the leading global health concerns. Growing evidence suggests that these conditions share common pathophysiological pathways and disease outcomes. PATHOGENETIC INTERACTIONS OF OBESITY, CVD AND BONE-RELATED DISEASES: Obesity is a well-established risk factor for atherosclerotic CVD (ASCVD), as dysfunctional ectopic adipose tissue may produce endocrine/paracrine hormones modulating metabolic processes and inflammation, predisposing to ASCVD.

Actomyosin-mediated apical constriction promotes physiological germ cell death in C. elegans.

Germ cell apoptosis in Caenorhabditis elegans hermaphrodites is a physiological process eliminating around 60% of all cells in meiotic prophase to maintain tissue homeostasis. In contrast to programmed cell death in the C. elegans soma, the selection of germ cells undergoing apoptosis is stochastic.

B/F/TAF forgiveness to non-adherence.

: Background : ART forgiveness is the ability of a regimen to maintain HIV-RNA suppression despite a documented imperfect adherence. We explored forgiveness of bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide (B/F/TAF). : Methods : In this retrospective cohort study pharmacy drug refills were used to calculate the proportion of days covered (PDC) as a proxy of adherence.

SARS-CoV-2 infection clinical picture and outcomes in adults living with HIV: a cohort analysis.

Existing evidence about HIV and SARS-CoV-2 co-infection has, so far, yield conflicting results. Methods: This is a cohort, single center, clinical study aimed at identifying possible characteristics of PLWH that could correlate with the risk of acquiring SARS-CoV-2 and would influence the outcome. 155 cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection were compared with 307 PLWH who tested negative.

Real World Data on Forgiveness to Uncomplete Adherence to Bictegravir/ Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Alafenamide.

forgiveness is the ability of a given regimen to maintain complete viral suppression despite a documented imperfect adherence. We explored forgiveness of bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide. drug refills were used to calculate the percent day covered (PDC) as a proxy of adherence.

Osteoarthritis Pain in Old Mice Aggravates Neuroinflammation and Frailty: The Positive Effect of Morphine Treatment.

Knee osteoarthritis is a common cause of pain and disability in old subjects. Pain may predispose to the development of frailty. Studies on mechanisms underlying pain in osteoarthritis models during aging are lacking.

Adherence to and Forgiveness of 3TC/DTG in a Real-World Cohort.

adherence and forgiveness are key factors for virologic success. We evaluated them for 3TC/DTG. pharmacy refills were used to calculate the proportion of days covered (PDC).

Rilpivirine plus cobicistat-boosted darunavir as alternative to standard three-drug therapy in HIV-infected, virologically suppressed subjects: Final results of the PROBE 2 trial.

Background: Primary analysis at 24 weeks showed that switching to rilpivirine plus darunavir/cobicistat was non-inferior to continuing a standard three-drug antiretroviral regimen in virologically suppressed people with HIV. We present efficacy and safety data from the 48-week analysis.

Methods: PROBE 2 is a randomized, open-label trial.

Lipid profile changings after switching from rilpivirine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/emtricitabine to rilpivirine/tenofovir alafenamide/emtricitabine: Different effects in patients with or without baseline hypercholesterolemia.

Tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) has similar efficacy compared to tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF), but a less favorable effect on lipids. Aim of this retrospective multicentre study was to evaluate the impact on lipids of switching from rilpivirine (RPV)/ emtricitabine (FTC)/TDF to RPV/FTC/TAF in a cohort of HIV-1 infected patients. Total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoproteins (HDL) and low density lipoproteins (LDL) were compared at the moment of the switch and at the first following evaluation, by using paired t-test.

Improving the evidence for indicator condition guided HIV testing in Europe: Results from the HIDES II Study - 2012 - 2015.

Background: It is cost-effective to perform an HIV test in people with specific indicator conditions (IC) with an undiagnosed HIV prevalence of at least 0.1%. Our aim was to determine the HIV prevalence for 14 different conditions across 20 European countries.

Post-treatment controllers after treatment interruption in chronically HIV-infected patients.

Objective: Control HIV replication requires continuous combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) as discontinuation of cART results in a rapid viral rebound. However, a few individuals exist who took cART for several years and did not show the expected viral rebound after treatment cessation. Most post-treatment controllers (PTCs) are early treated individuals.

Long-term efficacy of dolutegravir in treatment-experienced subjects failing therapy with HIV-1 integrase strand inhibitor-resistant virus.

Objectives: This study evaluated the virological efficacy of dolutegravir 50 mg twice daily in 190 HIV-1 failing antiretroviral-experienced patients with previous exposure to first-generation integrase strand transfer inhibitor (INSTI) over a 5 year follow-up using data from clinical practice.

Patients And Methods: This analysis included HIV-1-infected patients who were ≥18 years of age, treatment experienced, had HIV-1 RNA >50 copies/mL, with INSTI-resistant virus, who started dolutegravir 50 mg twice daily plus optimized background therapy (OBT), recorded in the national prospective database PRESTIGIO (www.progettoprestigio.

Reduced adherence to antiretroviral therapy is associated with residual low-level viremia.

The source and significance of residual low-level viremia (LLV) during combinational antiretroviral therapy (cART) remain a matter of controversy. It is unclear whether residual viremia depends on ongoing release of HIV from the latent reservoir or if viral replication contributes to LLV. We examined the relationship between adherence and LLV.

Abacavir + dolutegravir + lamivudine for the treatment of HIV.

Introduction: Since the last revision of both European and American guidelines (EACS and DHHS), new data from clinical trials and cohort studies, as well as experience in clinical practice, have prompted significant changes to the list of recommended/preferred options for the treatment of HIV infected patients, highlighted the role of INSTI-based regimens. Dolutegravir (DTG) in combination with abacavir/lamivudine (ABC/3TC) is one of these preferred regimens in multiple clinical scenarios, including treatment-naive and treatment-experienced patients.

Areas Covered: In this article we describe the coformulation of ABC/3TC/DTG in a fixed-dose combination (FDC) approved in September 2014 for the treatment of HIV infection.

Factors associated with HPV-DNA clearance in a cohort of HIV-positive patients: role of cART and gender.

Introduction: We aimed to assess any factors associated with dysplasia regression and with HPV clearance in a cohort of HIV+ patients, with particular focus on cART and gender.

Methods: Asymptomatic HIV+ patients of the San Paolo Infectious Disease (SPID) cohort who underwent anoscopy/gynaecological evaluation were enrolled. Anal/cervical brushing were analyzed for: HPV-PCR detection/genotyping (HR-HPV), cytologic abnormalities (Bethesda System 2001: LSIL-HSIL).

HPV Infection in a Cohort of HIV-Positive Men and Women: Prevalence of Oncogenic Genotypes and Predictors of Mucosal Damage at Genital and Oral Sites.

The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of HPV infection and determinants of abnormal cytology in HIV-positive patients. In a cross-sectional study, patients of both sexes, asymptomatic for HPV, underwent anorectal (men)/cervical (women) and oral swabs. Cytology and HPV-PCR detection/genotyping (high- and low-risk genotypes, HR-LR/HPV) were performed.