Prophylactic treatment can modify vascular risk biomarkers in high-frequency episodic and chronic migraine patients: a pilot study.

To evaluate whether preventive treatment can modify endothelial and oxidative biomarkers of vascular disease risk in patients with high-frequency episodic and chronic migraine. In this observational, prospective pilot study, 88 prophylactic treatment-naïve patients with episodic and chronic migraine and 56 healthy sex/age matched controls underwent ultrasonography exams and blood tests at baseline, and again in the migraine patients after 3 months' treatment with metoprolol or topiramate. Biomarkers for endothelial function and oxidative stress were analyzed.

Relationship between immunoglobulin A1 lectin-binding specificities, mesangial C4d deposits and clinical phenotypes in immunoglobulin A nephropathy.

Background: The reason why mesangial C4d deposits are detected in only certain biopsies of immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IGAN) remains unclear. We analyse the association between IgA glycosylation patterns, mesangial C4 deposition and clinical phenotypes in IgAN.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 145 patients with idiopathic IgAN.

Inflammatory Response of Ischemic Tolerance in Circulating Plasma: Preconditioning-Induced by Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA) Phenomena in Acute Ischemia Patients (AIS).

Ischemic tolerance (IT) refers to a state where cells are resistant to the damaging effects caused by periods of ischemia. In a clinical scenario, the IT phenomenon would be activated by a recent transient ischemic attack (TIA) before an ischemic stroke (IS). The characterization of inflammatory protein expression patterns will contribute to improved understanding of IT.

Association between urinary biomarkers and disease progression in adults with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease.

Background: Height-adjusted total kidney volume (htTKV) is considered as the best predictor of kidney function in patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), but its limited predictive capacity stresses the need to find new biomarkers of ADPKD progression. The aim of this study was to investigate urinary biomarkers of ADPKD progression.

Methods: This observational study included ADPKD patients, and two comparator groups of ischaemic and non-ischaemic kidney injury: benign nephroangiosclerosis patients and non-ischaemic chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients.

Skin Autofluorescence Measurement in Subclinical Atheromatous Disease: Results from the ILERVAS Project.

Aim: Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) have been involved in the atherogenic process in the high-risk population. The goal of this study was to demonstrate that AGEs are related to subclinical atheromatous disease in subjects with low to moderate vascular risk.

Methods: A cross-sectional study in which 2,568 non-diabetic subjects of both sexes without cardiovascular disease were included.

The Neuronal Ischemic Tolerance Is Conditioned by the Tp53 Arg72Pro Polymorphism.

Cerebral preconditioning (PC) confers endogenous brain protection after stroke. Ischemic stroke patients with a prior transient ischemic attack (TIA) may potentially be in a preconditioned state. Although PC has been associated with the activation of pro-survival signals, the mechanism by which preconditioning confers neuroprotection is not yet fully clarified.

Metabolomic Estimation of the Diagnosis and Onset Time of Permanent and Transient Cerebral Ischemia.

Determining the time of stroke onset in order to apply recanalization therapies within the accepted therapeutic window and the correct diagnosis of transient ischemic attack (TIA) are two common clinical problems in acute cerebral ischemia management. Therefore, biomarkers helping in this conundrum could be very helpful. We developed mouse models of distal middle cerebral artery occlusion mimicking TIA and ischemic stroke (IS), respectively.

Single Cell Immuno-Laser Microdissection Coupled to Label-Free Proteomics to Reveal the Proteotypes of Human Brain Cells After Ischemia.

Cerebral ischemia entails rapid tissue damage in the affected brain area causing devastating neurological dysfunction. How each component of the neurovascular unit contributes or responds to the ischemic insult in the context of the human brain has not been solved yet. Thus, the analysis of the proteome is a straightforward approach to unraveling these cell proteotypes.

Metabolomics Predicts Neuroimaging Characteristics of Transient Ischemic Attack Patients.

Background: Neuroimaging is essential for the diagnosis and prognosis of transient ischemic attack (TIA). The discovery of a plasmatic biomarker related to neuroimaging findings is of enormous interest because, despite its relevance, magnetic resonance diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) is not always available in all hospitals that attend to TIA patients.

Methods: Metabolomic analyses were performed by liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry in order to establish the metabolomic patterns of positive DWI, DWI patterns and acute ischemic lesion volumes.