Factors Influencing Feeding Decisions in Children With Bronchiolitis on High-Flow Nasal Cannula.

Background And Objectives: High-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) is used in up to 50% of children admitted with bronchiolitis. Consensus recommendations for feeding these children have not been established, and there is variability in practice. We sought to identify factors influencing feeding decisions for general care patients admitted with bronchiolitis on HFNC from a national sample of interdisciplinary care team members.

Disparities in COVID-19 vaccine intentions, testing and trusted sources by household language for children with medical complexity.

Objectives: Children with medical complexity experienced health disparities during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Language may compound these disparities since people speaking languages other than English (LOE) also experienced worse COVID-19 outcomes. Our objective was to investigate associations between household language for children with medical complexity and caregiver COVID-19 vaccine intentions, testing knowledge, and trusted sources of information.

Quality Improvement Initiative Enhances Outpatient Pediatric Pulmonology Follow-up for Premature Infants with Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia.

Introduction: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a chronic lung disorder affecting many premature infants. Infants with BPD have higher hospital readmission rates due to respiratory-related morbidity. We aimed to increase the rates of outpatient pulmonary follow-up and attendance of premature babies with moderate and severe BPD to above 85% within 6 months.

Genetic Susceptibility to Astrovirus Diarrhea in Bangladeshi Infants.

Background: Astroviral infections commonly cause acute nonbacterial gastroenteritis in children globally. However, these infections often go undiagnosed outside of research settings. There is no treatment available for astrovirus, and Astroviridae strain diversity presents a challenge to potential vaccine development.

Identifying Gender and Racial Bias in Pediatric Fellowship Letters of Recommendation: Do Word Choices Influence Interview Decisions?

Objectives: To describe linguistic differences in letters of recommendation (LORs) for pediatric fellowship candidates based on applicant and letter writer demographics and to examine if these differences influenced the decision to interview a candidate for a fellowship position.

Study Design: LORs for applicants to 8 pediatric subspecialty fellowships at a single academic center from the 2020 Match were analyzed in this cross-sectional study. Frequency of validated agentic and communal terms in each letter were determined by a language processing web application.

Mapping the scientific literature on obstetrical and perinatal health among sexual and gender minoritised (SGM) childbearing people and their infants: a scoping review protocol.

Introduction: Sexual and gender minoritised (SGM) populations are disproportionately impacted by multilevel risk factors for obstetrical and perinatal outcomes, including structural (eg, stigma, discrimination, access to care) and individual risk factors (eg, partner violence, poor mental health, substance use). Emerging evidence shows SGM childbearing people have worse obstetrical outcomes and their infants have worse perinatal outcomes, when compared with their cisgender and heterosexual counterparts; this emerging evidence necessitates a comprehensive examination of existing literature on obstetrical and perinatal health among SGM people. The goal of this scoping review is to comprehensively map the extent, range and nature of scientific literature on obstetrical and perinatal physical health outcomes among SGM populations and their infants.

Universal redirection of CAR T cells against solid tumours via membrane-inserted ligands for the CAR.

The effectiveness of chimaeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapies for solid tumours is hindered by difficulties in the selection of an effective target antigen, owing to the heterogeneous expression of tumour antigens and to target antigen expression in healthy tissues. Here we show that T cells with a CAR specific for fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) can be directed against solid tumours via the intratumoural administration of a FITC-conjugated lipid-poly(ethylene)-glycol amphiphile that inserts itself into cell membranes. In syngeneic and human tumour xenografts in mice, 'amphiphile tagging' of tumour cells drove tumour regression via the proliferation and accumulation of FITC-specific CAR T cells in the tumours.

Disparities in incidence and trends of colorectal, lung, female breast, and cervical cancers among non-Hispanic American Indian and Alaska Native people, 1999-2018.

Purpose: This study is the first to comprehensively describe incidence rates and trends of screening-amenable cancers (colorectal, lung, female breast, and cervical) among non-Hispanic AI/AN (NH-AI/AN) people.

Methods: Using the United States Cancer Statistics AI/AN Incidence Analytic Database, we, calculated incidence rates for colorectal, lung, female breast, and cervical cancers for NH-AI/AN and non-Hispanic White (NHW) people for the years 2014-2018 combined. We calculated age-adjusted incidence rates (per 100,000), total percent change in incidence rates between 1999 and 2018, and trends over this time-period using Joinpoint analysis.

Words Used in Letters of Recommendation for Pediatric Residency Applicants: Demographic Differences and Impact on Interviews.

Objective: To describe differences in agentic (achievement) and communal (relationship) terms in letters of recommendation (LORs) for pediatric residency candidates by applicant and letter writer demographics and to examine if LOR language is associated with interview status.

Methods: A random sample of applicant profiles and LORs submitted to one institution were analyzed from the 2020-21 Match. Letters of recommendation text was inputted into a customized natural language processing application which determined the frequency of agentic and communal words in each LOR.

Clinicopathologic, Gross Necropsy, and Histopathologic Effects of High-Dose, Repeated Meloxicam Administration in Rhode Island Red Chickens ().

Meloxicam is a commonly prescribed non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug for backyard poultry that has demonstrated pharmacodynamic efficacy at a single high dose of 5 mg/ kg. This study characterized the adverse effects of meloxicam administered in chickens at an approximate dose of 5 mg/kg orally twice daily for 5 days. Twenty-one adult Rhode Island Red hens (), judged to be healthy based on an external physical examination, complete blood count (CBC), and plasma biochemistry panel, were recruited for this study.

Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms and Agranulocytosis Presenting as Cervical Lymphadenopathy.

Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) is a rare cause of cervical lymphadenopathy. It is a potentially life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction, commonly characterized by fever, rash, hematological abnormalities, and multi-organ involvement. Its association with agranulocytosis is even rarer, with fewer than 10 cases describing the coexistence of DRESS with agranulocytosis reported in the English literature.

Association of fractional exhaled nitric oxide with asthma morbidity in urban minority children.

Objective: Fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) is a well-established measure of allergic airway inflammation and possible useful adjunct disease management tool. We investigated the association of baseline and follow-up FeNO measurements with disease burden in minority children with persistent asthma.

Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted on 352 African American and Hispanic children seen at an urban Asthma Center in Bronx, NY.

Cutaneous epitheliotropic lymphosarcoma in a captive white catfish (Ameiurus catus Linnaeus).

A wild caught white catfish (Ameiurus catus Linnaeus) developed multiple cutaneous masses. Cytology revealed neoplastic lymphocytes and microscopy confirmed dermal infiltration with epitheliotropism in the epidermis, oral mucosa, and cornea, without internal organ involvement. Transmission electron microscopy did not identify viral particles.

Strong suppression of heat conduction in a laboratory replica of galaxy-cluster turbulent plasmas.

In conventional gases and plasmas, it is known that heat fluxes are proportional to temperature gradients, with collisions between particles mediating energy flow from hotter to colder regions and the coefficient of thermal conduction given by Spitzer's theory. However, this theory breaks down in magnetized, turbulent, weakly collisional plasmas, although modifications are difficult to predict from first principles due to the complex, multiscale nature of the problem. Understanding heat transport is important in astrophysical plasmas such as those in galaxy clusters, where observed temperature profiles are explicable only in the presence of a strong suppression of heat conduction compared to Spitzer's theory.

Genomic Characterization of a Nalidixic Acid-Resistant Enteritidis Strain Causing Persistent Infections in Broiler Chickens.

Virulent strains of subsp. serovar Enteritidis (SE) harbored by poultry can cause disease in poultry flocks and potentially result in human foodborne illness. Two broiler flocks grown a year apart on the same premises experienced mortality throughout the growing period due to septicemic disease caused by SE.

Bullous amyloidosis in a horse: first description in veterinary medicine.

Background: Bullous amyloidosis is a rare disease in humans that has not been described in a veterinary species in the peer-reviewed literature. The human disease is characterised by haemorrhagic vesicles and bullae on the skin and mucosae, which form due to amyloid deposition.

Hypothesis/objectives: To describe the clinical features, laboratory analysis and histopathological features of an unique presentation of bullous disease in a horse.