Measures of accommodative function in secondary school year 9 and year 13: a 4-year longitudinal study.

Purpose: To characterize accommodative function in secondary school children in year 9 and year 13 and assess the possible relationship between daily working conditions (number of near work hours and distances) and accommodation variables related to accommodative excess.

Methods: This was a prospective study. Participants were 43 subjects who were first examined in year 9 and then again when they were in year 13.

An updated review about perceptual learning as a treatment for amblyopia.

The purpose of our work is to do an update of recent investigations about amblyopia treatment based on perceptual learning, dichoptic training and videogames. Therefore, we conducted a search of the studies published about this subject in the last six years. The review shows that the investigations during that period have used several kinds of treatments regarding their design (e.