Shared behavioural impairments in visual perception and place avoidance across different autism models are driven by periaqueductal grey hypoexcitability in Setd5 haploinsufficient mice.

Despite the diverse genetic origins of autism spectrum disorders (ASDs), affected individuals share strikingly similar and correlated behavioural traits that include perceptual and sensory processing challenges. Notably, the severity of these sensory symptoms is often predictive of the expression of other autistic traits. However, the origin of these perceptual deficits remains largely elusive.

Connectome-driven neural inventory of a complete visual system.

Vision provides animals with detailed information about their surroundings, conveying diverse features such as color, form, and movement across the visual scene. Computing these parallel spatial features requires a large and diverse network of neurons, such that in animals as distant as flies and humans, visual regions comprise half the brain's volume. These visual brain regions often reveal remarkable structure-function relationships, with neurons organized along spatial maps with shapes that directly relate to their roles in visual processing.

Advanced Cancer in Young Adults (YAs): Living in a Liminal Space.

Young adults (YAs), defined as individuals between the ages of 18 and 39 years, experience unique challenges when diagnosed with advanced cancer. Using the social constructivist grounded theory approach, we aimed to develop a theoretical understanding of how YAs live day to day with their diagnosis. A sample of 25 YAs (aged 22-39 years) with advanced cancer from across Canada participated in semi-structured interviews.

The Transformation of Adolescent and Young Adult Oncological and Supportive Care in Canada: A Mixed Methods Study.

Background: Due to ongoing disparity in the specialized care available to adolescents and young adults (AYAs) with cancer, this study aimed to understand the gaps and barriers to accessing care and preferences on types of solutions at a national Canadian level.

Methods: A mixed-methods study involving an online survey and focus groups (FGs) was conducted among AYAs residing in different regions of Canada.

Results: There were a total of 174 survey respondents, of whom the majority were between 30-39 years of age ( = 125, 71.

Supporting People and Their Caregivers Living with Advanced Cancer: From Individual Experience to a National Interdisciplinary Program.

Objectives: To discuss the unmet needs of patients living with advanced cancer and their caregivers and to review strategies, including collaborating with community and non-profit organizations, to help improve the experience of living with, and beyond, advanced cancer.

Data Sources: Published articles, first person experience (SB), community organization input, and survey data (Canadian Cancer Society).

Conclusion: People living with advanced cancer face significant challenges, including persistent physical symptoms and psychosocial concerns, difficulties with coordination of care, and possible lack of available resources and supports if the person is no longer being followed by cancer health care professionals.

Physical Activity and Bone Health in Men: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Research on osteoporosis and physical activity often focuses on women. We aimed to conduct a systematic review to assess the benefits and harms of physical activity interventions for men's bone health.

Methods: We used standard methods and searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) (duration, ≥6 months) published in all languages across multiple databases and trial registries.

Role of JNK, MEK and adenylyl cyclase signalling in speed and directionality of enteric neural crest-derived cells.

Background: Cells derived from the neural crest colonize the developing gut and give rise to the enteric nervous system. The rate at which the ENCC population advances along the bowel will be affected by both the speed and directionality of individual ENCCs. The aim of the study was to use time-lapse imaging and pharmacological activators and inhibitors to examine the role of several intracellular signalling pathways in both the speed and the directionality of individual enteric neural crest-derived cells in intact explants of E12.

Return to Everyday Activity in the Community and Home: a feasibility study for a lifestyle intervention to sit less, move more, and be strong.

Background: Many interventions designed to meet physical activity guideline recommendations focus on a single component (e.g., walking), to the detriment of other elements of a healthy lifestyle, such as reducing prolonged sitting and doing balance and strength exercises (i.

Transplantation of enteric nervous system stem cells rescues nitric oxide synthase deficient mouse colon.

Enteric nervous system neuropathy causes a wide range of severe gut motility disorders. Cell replacement of lost neurons using enteric neural stem cells (ENSC) is a possible therapy for these life-limiting disorders. Here we show rescue of gut motility after ENSC transplantation in a mouse model of human enteric neuropathy, the neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) deficient mouse model, which displays slow transit in the colon.

Mosaic Analysis with Double Markers Reveals Distinct Sequential Functions of Lgl1 in Neural Stem Cells.

The concerted production of neurons and glia by neural stem cells (NSCs) is essential for neural circuit assembly. In the developing cerebral cortex, radial glia progenitors (RGPs) generate nearly all neocortical neurons and certain glia lineages. RGP proliferation behavior shows a high degree of non-stochasticity, thus a deterministic characteristic of neuron and glia production.