Atypical clinical and sonographic manifestations of lymphadenopathy in a child with cat-scratch disease: A case report.

Cat-scratch disease is a well-known infection in childhood. It usually presents as tender lymphadenopathy and should be included in the differential diagnosis of any lymphadenopathy syndrome. An history of exposure to cats supports the suspect and a positive serologic test to Bartonella henselae confirms the diagnosis.

Flow cytometry as a tool for the rapid enumeration of 1-μm microplastics spiked in wastewater and activated sludge after coagulation-flocculation-sedimentation.

Considering the limited literature and the difficulty of quantifying 1-μm micro-nanoplastics (1-μm MNP) in complex aqueous matrices such as wastewater and sludge, the removal rate of these very small particles in wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) represents a major challenge. In this study, coagulation-flocculation-sedimentation (CFS) with aluminum salts was investigated to evaluate the removal of 1-μm MNPs spiked in tap water, raw wastewater, pre-settled wastewater, and activated sludge. Quantification of 1-μm MNP was performed using the high-throughput flow cytometry (FCM) analysis which takes only a few minutes and produces results with high accuracy and reproducibly.

A Case of Acrodermatitis Dysmetabolica in a Child Affected by Citrullinemia Type I: When Early Diagnosis and Timely Treatment Are Not Enough.

An infant with a prenatal diagnosis of citrullinemia, who started standard treatment at birth (L-arginine; sodium benzoate and a personalized diet characterized by a low protein intake and supplementation of essential nutrients and amino acids), presented at 4 months of age with extended, progressive, and severe skin lesions consistent with acrodermatitis dysmetabolica. Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of urea cycle disorders underline that a low-protein diet places patients at risk of essential fatty acids, trace elements, and vitamin deficiency. At hospital admission, our patient had normal levels of zinc and alkaline phosphatases.

Antitissue transglutaminase antibodies' normalization after starting a gluten-free diet in a large population of celiac children-a real-life experience.

Introduction: Few data are available regarding the trend of IgA anti-transglutaminase antibodies (TGA-IgA) in children with celiac disease (CD) on a gluten-free diet (GFD). Our aim is to examine the normalization time of CD serology in a large pediatric population, and its predictors.

Material And Methods: We retrospectively evaluated the normalization time of TGA-IgA and its predictive factors (age, sex, ethnicity, symptoms, associated diabetes/thyroiditis, Marsh stage, TGA-IgA and endomysial antibody levels at diagnosis, diet adherence), in 1024 children diagnosed from 2000 to 2019 in three pediatric Italian centers, on a GFD.

Pyelonephritis in Pediatric Uropathic Patients: Differences from Community-Acquired Ones and Therapeutic Protocol Considerations. A 10-Year Single-Center Retrospective Study.

Pyelonephritis (PN) represents an important cause of morbidity in the pediatric population, especially in uropathic patients. The aim of the study is to demonstrate differences between PNs of uropathic patients and PNs acquired in community in terms of uropathogens involved and antibiotic sensitivity; moreover, to identify a proper empiric therapeutic strategy. A retrospective study was conducted on antibiograms on urine cultures from PNs in vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) patients admitted to pediatric surgery department and from PNs in not VUR patients admitted to Pediatric Emergency Unit between 2010 and 2020.

SARS-CoV-2 from faeces to wastewater treatment: What do we know? A review.

SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, has been found in the faeces of infected patients in numerous studies. Stool may remain positive for SARS-CoV-2, even when the respiratory tract becomes negative, and the interaction with the gastrointestinal tract poses a series of questions about wastewater and its treatments. This review aims to understand the viral load of SARS-CoV-2 in faeces and sewage and its fate in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs).

Effects of hydrodynamic cavitation, low-level thermal and low-level alkaline pre-treatments on sludge solubilisation.

WAS is a polluting and hazardous waste generated in WWTPs that must be treated to prevent pollution and human health risks. Anaerobic digestion is the most used process for sludge stabilization. However, it must be improved in terms of both speed and extend of degradation.

Effects of sonication on bacteria viability in wastewater treatment plants evaluated by flow cytometry--fecal indicators, wastewater and activated sludge.

The application of sonication to wastewater or sludge contributes to the dispersion of aggregates, the solubilisation of particulate matter with an increase in its biodegradability, the damage of microorganisms due to the loss of cellular membrane integrity. This research is aimed at investigating the effects of sonication at 20kHz frequency on viability of microorganisms present in raw wastewater and activated sludge taken from a municipal wastewater treatment plant, as well as pure strains of Escherichia coli and E. faecalis.

Assessment of activated sludge viability with flow cytometry.

The aim of the study was to evaluate the applicability of fluorescent dyes and multiparameter flow cytometry for the rapid and direct viability/activity assessment of activated sludge samples taken from wastewater treatment plants. Viability and activity of the biomass were estimated respectively through cellular membrane integrity, staining with SYBR Green I and Propidium Iodide, and through fluorogenic dyes capable of detecting enzymatic activity, as FDA and BCECF-AM. A procedure has been developed to disaggregate sludge flocs before dyes staining and cytometric analysis.