Fulminant leptomeningeal disease diagnosed as comutant H3F3A and FGFR diffuse midline glioma.

Diffuse midline gliomas present a particularly intricate and challenging clinical scenario. This rare case involves a patient with comutant H3F3A and FGFR diffuse midline glioma with a clinical presentation of fulminant leptomeningitis. A 22-year-old male presented with fatal and fulminant diffuse leptomeningitis.

Brain Metastases as Inaugural Sign of Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma: Case Series and Review of Literature.

In the era of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI), managing non-oncogene driven non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with brain metastases (BM) is challenging, especially when brain involvement is the initial sign. Patients with newly diagnosed brain metastatic NSCLC without epidermal growth factor receptor (EFGR) nor anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) alterations were retrospectively included. Twenty-five patients were analyzed; 15 (60%) had symptomatic BM as the first sign (group 1), while 10 (40%) had BM discovered during complementary examinations (group 2).

Primary resistance to ALK inhibitors in -rearranged pleural metastatic lung adenocarcinoma: a case report.

Background: Anaplastic lymphoma kinase () rearrangement confers sensitivity to second- and third-generation ALK inhibitors, which have become the standard of care for ALK-positive non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). However, primary resistance to these inhibitors remains a rare and poorly understood phenomenon, especially in cases involving kinesin light chain 1 ()/-rearranged metastatic NSCLC.

Case Description: In this report, we present a unique and challenging case of primary resistance to second- and third-generation ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) attributed to gene fusion partners in a patient with ALK-positive pleural metastatic NSCLC.

Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase Inhibitor-Induced Neutropenia: A Systematic Review.

Lung cancers with ALK rearrangement represent less than 5% of all lung cancers. ALK inhibitors are currently used to treat first-line metastatic non-small cell lung cancer with ALK rearrangement. Compared to chemotherapy, ALK inhibitors have improved progression-free survival, overall survival, and quality of life for patients.

Acquired L718V/ co-mutation and discordant molecular pattern between plasmatic and cerebrospinal fluid in a bone and meningeal metastatic L858R+ non-small cell lung cancer: a case report.

Background: Osimertinib is approved in first line metastatic epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutated non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Acquired L718V mutation is a rare mechanism of resistance towards osimertinib in L858R+ NSCLC with potential sensibility to afatinib. This case reported an acquired L718V/TP53 V727M resistance co-mutation to osimertinib with discordant molecular pattern between plasmatic and cerebral fluid in a leptomeningeal and bone metastatic L858R mutant NSCLC.

68Ga-DOTATOC PET in Extracranial Hepatic and Bone Metastasis of Atypical Refractory Meningioma: A Case Report.

A falcine meningioma was diagnosed in a 66-year-old woman and was treated by surgery and 2 times by radiotherapy during 9 years of follow-up with the diagnosis of atypical meningioma. Three months after the last radiotherapy, incidental liver lesions were detected on chest CT realized for suspected pneumonia. In view of the predisposing factors for meningioma metastases, 68Ga-DOTATOC hepatic and cerebral PET/MRI was performed and completed by total body PET/CT demonstrating a somatostatin receptor 2 overexpression of the multiple liver lesions and several bone lesions.

Development of skeletal muscle atrophy and intermuscular adipose tissue in patients with early breast cancer treated with chemotherapy.

Chemotherapy is a common therapy to treat patients with breast cancer but also leads to skeletal muscle deconditioning. Skeletal muscle deconditioning is multifactorial and intermuscular adipose tissue (IMAT) accumulation is closely linked to muscle dysfunction. To date, there is no clinical study available investigating IMAT development through a longitudinal protocol and the underlying mechanisms remain unknown.

Chemotherapy impairs skeletal muscle mitochondrial homeostasis in early breast cancer patients.

Background: Chemotherapy is extensively used to treat breast cancer and is associated with skeletal muscle deconditioning, which is known to reduce patients' quality of life, treatment efficiency, and overall survival. To date, skeletal muscle mitochondrial alterations represent a major aspect explored in breast cancer patients; nevertheless, the cellular mechanisms remain relatively unknown. This study was dedicated to investigating overall skeletal muscle mitochondrial homeostasis in early breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy, including mitochondrial quantity, function, and dynamics.

Immune-Related Cerebellar Ataxia: A Rare Adverse Effect of Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have led to a revolution in cancer management, mainly due to lasting long-term durable responses in a subset of patients with metastatic solid tumours (Gettinger et al. in JCO 36(17):1675-1684, 2018). As immunotherapy is gradually being applied for the treatment of a large range of solid tumours, the incidence of neurological immune-related adverse events (irAEs) has increased (2).

18F-FDG PET/CT Monitoring of Tumor Response to Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors and Alkylating Drugs in an SDH-Deficient GIST.

Succinate dehydrogenase (SDH)-deficient gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are associated with loss of function of SDH complex and represent 5% to 7.5% of GISTs. SDH-deficient GISTs usually develop in the stomach of children and young adults, and could be part of Carney triad or Carney-Stratakis syndromes including paraganglioma.

High risk of recurrence for grade II meningioma: a 10-year multicenter analysis of prognosis factors.

Background: Atypical meningioma is a variant of meningioma with a high risk of recurrence. Gross total resection is the standard of treatment, while no consensus on optimal adjuvant management has been found.

Methods: Between 2008 and 2018, a retrospective search identified 216 grade II meningiomas treated in six centers.

Usefulness of F-FDOPA PET for the management of primary brain tumors: a systematic review of the literature.

Contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging is currently the standard of care in the management of primary brain tumors, although certain limitations remain. Metabolic imaging has proven useful for an increasing number of indications in oncology over the past few years, most particularly F-FDG PET/CT. In neuro-oncology, F-FDG was insufficient to clearly evaluate brain tumors.

Metabolomic Profile of Aggressive Meningiomas by Using High-Resolution Magic Angle Spinning Nuclear Magnetic Resonance.

Meningiomas are in most cases benign brain tumors. The WHO 2016 classification defines three grades of meningiomas. This classification had a prognosis value because grade III meningiomas have a worse prognosis value compared to grades I and II meningiomas.

Ceritinib-related interstitial lung disease improving after treatment cessation without recurrence under either crizotinib or brigatinib: a case report.

Anaplastic lymphoma kinase inhibitors (ALKi) like ceritinib are considered standard for front-line treatment of non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC) harboring a translocation of the anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene. We report herein a case of interstitial lung disease (ILD) that developed following a 7-month ceritinib treatment without recurrence under either crizotinib or brigatinib, two others ALKi.

Grade III meningioma with gastro-intestinal tract and brain metastases: case report and review of the literature.

Background: Meningioma is the most common adult primary intracranial tumor. Malignant meningioma is a rare variant of meningioma. The prognosis for the patients with these tumors is poor, due to the tumor's capacity for relapse and to develop distant metastases.

Does Continuous Hospice Care Help Patients Remain at Home?

Context: In the U. S., hospices sometimes provide high-intensity "continuous care" in patients' homes.

Comparison of pediatric and adult hospice patients using electronic medical record data from nine hospices in the United States, 2008-2012.

Background: Most pediatric hospice patients receive services from agencies typically oriented to adults. Information regarding how pediatric hospice patients differ from adult hospice patients is lacking.

Objective: We aim to assess differences between pediatric and adult hospice patients regarding patient characteristics and outcomes.

Increasing inpatient hospice use versus patient preferences in the USA: are patients able to die in the setting of their choice?

Background: Growth in hospice utilisation has been accompanied by an increase in the proportion of hospice patients who die in an inpatient hospice setting rather than at home.

Objective: To determine whether this increase in inpatient utilisation is consistent with patient preferences.

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

The "comfortable dying" measure: how patient characteristics affect hospice pain management quality scores.

Background: All hospices were required by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) to collect the "Comfortable Dying" measure in 2012 (National Quality Forum measure #0209). However, it is not known how scores on this measure are affected by patient characteristics. It is important to identify these characteristics so that a hospice's case mix can be taken into account when interpreting its scores.

uPAR-targeted optical imaging contrasts as theranostic agents for tumor margin detection.

Complete removal of tumors by surgery is the most important prognostic factor for cancer patients with the early stage cancers. The ability to identify invasive tumor edges of the primary tumor, locally invaded small tumor lesions, and drug resistant residual tumors following neoadjuvant therapy during surgery should significantly reduce the incidence of local tumor recurrence and improve survival of cancer patients. In this study, we report that urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) and its receptor (uPAR) are the ligand/cell surface target pair for the development of targeted optical imaging probes for enhancing imaging contrasts in the tumor border.