Resting-State fMRI to Map Language Function for Surgical Planning in Patients With Brain Tumors: A Feasibility Study.

Background And Purpose: In neurosurgery, functional MRI is crucial for preoperative planning to obtain the cortical cortex map of language areas. This preliminary work involved analyzing the functional MRIs of 20 oncological patients. Our question is if resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) can replace standard task-based functional MRI (tb-fMRI) in routine clinical applications.

Systemic inflammatory markers and volume of enhancing tissue on post-contrast T1w MRI images in differentiating true tumor progression from pseudoprogression in high-grade glioma.

Background: High-grade glioma (HGG) patients post-radiotherapy often face challenges distinguishing true tumor progression (TTP) from pseudoprogression (PsP). This study evaluates the effectiveness of systemic inflammatory markers and volume of enhancing tissue on post-contrast T1 weighted (T1WCE) MRI images for this differentiation within the first six months after treatment.

Material And Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis on a cohort of HGG patients from 2015 to 2021, categorized per WHO 2016 and 2021 criteria.

Challenges in Diagnosis and Treatment of Wernicke Encephalopathy: Report of 2 Cases.

Background: Wernicke encephalopathy (WE) is a medical emergency caused by thiamine deficiency, characterized by cerebellar ataxia, ophthalmoplegia, and cognitive disturbances that may progress to Korsakoff amnesia. We describe 2 patients with WE who needed high-dose and long-term treatment with thiamine to obtain neurological improvement and recovery.

Case Description: The first patient was a woman diagnosed with non-Hodgkin lymphoma.

Brain Tumor Database, a free relational database for collection and analysis of brain tumor patient information.

In this study, we describe the development and utilization of a relational database designed to manage the clinical and radiological data of patients with brain tumors. The Brain Tumor Database was implemented using MySQL v.5.

Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced MRI in the Study of Brain Tumors. Comparison Between the Extended Tofts-Kety Model and a Phenomenological Universalities (PUN) Algorithm.

Dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) is a well-established technique for studying blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability that allows measurements to be made for a wide range of brain pathologies, including multiple sclerosis and brain tumors (BT). This latter application is particularly interesting, because high-grade gliomas are characterized by increased microvascular permeability and a loss of BBB function due to the structural abnormalities of the endothelial layer. In this study, we compared the extended Tofts-Kety (ETK) model and an extended derivate class from phenomenological universalities called EU1 in 30 adult patients with different BT grades.

Evaluation of IAUGC indices and two DCE-MRI pharmacokinetic parameters assessed by two different theoretical algorithms in patients with brain tumors.

Dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) quantifies blood-brain barrier (BBB) microvascular permeability in brain tumors where it is structurally and functionally abnormal. Twenty-five patients with glioblastomas (105 regions of interest) were compared using DCE-MRI metrics obtained with Tofts-Kety (TK) and extended TK (ETK) models using different arterial input function assessments and different initial area under the gadolinium curve (IAUGC) indices. Strong correlations between ve and IAUGC90 were found (EKT model: R=0.

Measurement of blood-brain barrier permeability with t1-weighted dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI in brain tumors: a comparative study with two different algorithms.

The purpose of this study was to assess the feasibility of measuring different permeability parameters with T1-weighted dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in order to investigate the blood brain-barrier permeability associated with different brain tumors. The Patlak algorithm and the extended Tofts-Kety model were used to this aim. Twenty-five adult patients with tumors of different histological grades were enrolled in this study.

Preoperative and intraoperative brain mapping for the resection of eloquent-area tumors. A prospective analysis of methodology, correlation, and usefulness based on clinical outcomes.

Background: Localization of brain function is a fundamental requisite for the resection of eloquent-area brain tumors. Preoperative functional neuroimaging and diffusion tensor imaging can display cortical functional organization and subcortical anatomy of major white matter bundles. Direct cortical and subcortical stimulation is widely used in routine practice, however, because of its ability to reveal tissue function in eloquent regions.

Preoperative chemotherapy for infiltrative low-grade oligoastrocytoma: a useful strategy to maximize surgical resection -case report-.

A 38-year-old woman presented with a large infiltrative left frontal low-grade glioma manifesting as partial seizures of the left arm and lower limb. First line chemotherapy with temozolomide reduced infiltration and volume, allowing subtotal surgical resection. The patient suffered postoperative supplementary motor area syndrome with right hemiparesis and mutism that resolved completely after approximately one month.

English language learners who struggle with reading: language acquisition or LD?

We review empirical research on English language learners (ELLs) who struggle with reading and who may have learning disabilities (LD). We sought to determine research indicators that can help us better differentiate between ELLs who struggle to acquire literacy because of their limited proficiency in English and ELLs who have actual LD. We conclude that more research is warranted to further elucidate the strengths and learning needs of subgroups of underachieving ELLs, to help us determine who should qualify for special education, and to clarify why some ELLs who do not have LD still struggle with language and literacy acquisition.