Non-speculum clinician-taken samples for human papillomavirus testing: a cross-sectional study in older women.

Background: Cervical cancer incidence and mortality are high in women aged ≥65 years, despite the disease being preventable by screening. Speculum-based screening can become more uncomfortable after the menopause.

Aim: To examine test performance and acceptability of human papillomavirus (HPV) testing on clinician-collected vaginal samples without a speculum (non-speculum).

Self-sampling for cervical screening offered at the point of invitation: A cross-sectional study of preferences in England.

Objectives: This study assessed preferences for human papillomavirus (HPV) self-sampling if offered as an alternative to clinician-based screening at the point of invitation for cervical screening.

Setting And Methods: An online questionnaire was completed by screening-eligible women living in England (n = 3672). Logistic regressions explored associations between demographic characteristics and screening preferences, stratified by previous screening attendance.

Non-speculum sampling approaches for cervical screening in older women: randomised controlled trial.

Background: Cervical cancer disproportionately affects women ≥65 years, especially those not screened regularly. Speculum use is a key barrier.

Aim: To assess if offering non-speculum clinician-taken sampling and self-sampling increases uptake for lapsed attenders aged 50-64 years.

Cervical screening attendance and cervical cancer risk among women who have sex with women.

Objectives: To describe cervical cancer screening participation among women who have sex exclusively with women (WSEW) and women who have sex with women and men (WSWM) compared with women who have sex exclusively with men (WSEM), and women who have never had sex and compare this with bowel (colorectal) and breast screening participation. To explore whether there is evidence of differential stage 3 cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN3) or cervical cancer risk.

Methods: We describe cervical, bowel and breast cancer screening uptake in age groups eligible for the national screening programmes, prevalent CIN3 and cervical cancer at baseline, and incident CIN3 and cervical cancer at five years follow-up, among 218,674 women in UK Biobank, a cohort of healthy volunteers from the UK.

Could changing invitation and booking processes help women translate their cervical screening intentions into action? A population-based survey of women's preferences in Great Britain.

Objectives: Many women who do not attend screening intend to go, but do not get around to booking an appointment. Qualitative work suggests that these 'intenders' face more practical barriers to screening than women who are up-to-date ('maintainers'). This study explored practical barriers to booking a screening appointment and preferences for alternative invitation and booking methods that might overcome these barriers.

Barriers to cervical screening and interest in self-sampling among women who actively decline screening.

Objectives: Understanding why some women actively decline cervical screening could contribute to tailored intervention development. We explored reasons for non-participation in cervical screening among women who had made an active decision not to attend in the future. We also explored interest in human papillomavirus self-sampling.

Acceptability of non-speculum clinician sampling for cervical screening in older women: A qualitative study.

Objectives: One reason that women over age 50 report avoiding cervical screening is increased discomfort postmenopause. This study aimed to explore the acceptability of human papillomavirus testing on clinician-collected vaginal samples without a speculum ('non-speculum') for cervical screening among older women.

Methods: Thirty-eight women in England aged 50-64 with a range of cervical screening experience ('up-to-date' n = 17, 'overdue screening' n = 18, 'never screened' n = 3) were identified via a recruitment agency.

A cluster randomised feasibility study of an adolescent incentive intervention to increase uptake of HPV vaccination.

Background: Uptake of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination is suboptimal among some groups. We aimed to determine the feasibility of undertaking a cluster randomised controlled trial (RCT) of incentives to improve HPV vaccination uptake by increasing consent form return.

Methods: An equal-allocation, two-arm cluster RCT design was used.

Cancer fear and fatalism among ethnic minority women in the United Kingdom.

Background: Cancer fear and fatalism are believed to be higher in ethnic minorities and may contribute to lower engagement with cancer prevention and early detection. We explored the levels of cancer fear and fatalism in six ethnic groups in the United Kingdom and examined the contribution of acculturation and general fatalism.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey of 720 White British, Caribbean, African, Indian, Pakistani, and Bangladeshi women (120 of each) was conducted.

Knowledge of cervical cancer and attendance at cervical cancer screening: a survey of Black women in London.

Background: Women from ethnic minority backgrounds are less likely to attend cervical screening, but further understanding of ethnic inequalities in cervical screening uptake is yet to be established. This study aimed to explore the socio-demographic and ethnicity-related predictors of cervical cancer knowledge, cervical screening attendance and reasons for non-attendance among Black women in London.

Methods: A questionnaire was completed by women attending Black and ethnic hair and beauty specialists in London between February and April 2013.