Tissue-Specific Ablation of Liver Fatty Acid-Binding Protein Induces a Metabolically Healthy Obese Phenotype in Female Mice.

Obesity is associated with numerous metabolic complications including insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and a reduced capacity for physical activity. Whole-body ablation of liver fatty acid-binding protein (LFABP) in mice was shown to alleviate several of these metabolic complications; high-fat (HF)-fed LFABP knockout (LFABP) mice developed higher fat mass than their wild-type (WT) counterparts but displayed a metabolically healthy obese (MHO) phenotype with normoglycemia, normoinsulinemia, and reduced hepatic steatosis compared with WT. Since LFABP is expressed in both liver and intestine, in the present study, we generated LFABP conditional knockout (cKO) mice to determine the contributions of LFABP specifically within the liver or within the intestine, to the whole-body phenotype of the global knockout.

A fuzzy robust optimization model for dual objective forward and reverse logistics networks considering carbon emissions.

The inherent unpredictability within the low-carbon integrated supply chain logistics network complicates its management. This paper endeavours to address the challenge of designing a low-carbon logistics network within a context of uncertainty and with consideration of low-carbon policies. It also endeavours to identify locations of facilities and appropriate transportation routes between nodes.

Did a national extended access scheme translate to improvements in patient experience to GP services in England? A retrospective observational study using patient-level data from the English GP patient survey.

Background: Improving access to general practitioner (GP) services is seen as a way to enhance patients' experiences. England introduced the national extended access scheme to provide routine and urgent GP appointments outside core hours. However, little is known about how this initiative affects patient experience, especially in terms of efficiency and equity.

A deep-learning model for quantifying circulating tumour DNA from the density distribution of DNA-fragment lengths.

The quantification of circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) in blood enables non-invasive surveillance of cancer progression. Here we show that a deep-learning model can accurately quantify ctDNA from the density distribution of cell-free DNA-fragment lengths. We validated the model, which we named 'Fragle', by using low-pass whole-genome-sequencing data from multiple cancer types and healthy control cohorts.

Modulating Nanometric Spin Spiral States via Spontaneous Lattice Distortion in a Short Period Helimagnet MnCoSi.

We report the influence of spontaneous lattice distortion on the helical spin spiral states in centrosymmetric helimagnet MnCoSi. With the help of in situ Lorentz transmission electron microscopy, we observed significant distortion─up to 57%─in the helical spin order of MnCoSi thin lamella samples. Our analysis, integrating density functional theory calculations with micromagnetic simulations, confirmed that the spontaneous lattice distortion is induced by the variation in the specimen thickness, which therefore modulates the nearest-neighbor exchange interaction and the next-nearest-neighbor exchange interaction , leading to a change in the spin rotational periodicity.

Experiences of immersive virtual reality in healthcare clinical training for nursing and allied health students: A mixed studies systematic review.

Background: Immersive virtual reality (IVR) is increasingly used in education as an alternative to traditional pedagogy. Although promising learning outcomes have been reported using immersive virtual reality, the users' experience has not been fully explored.

Objective: To consolidate evidence on immersive virtual reality experiences in healthcare clinical training for undergraduate nursing and allied health students.

The sustained-release agent of total flavonoids of Rhizoma drynariae prepared by nano-mesoporous silica can still promote osteogenesis and angiogenesis in vitro.

Total flavonoids of Rhizoma drynariae (TFRD) possess the ability to enhance bone formation by promoting the coupling of angiogenesis and osteogenesis. However, the limited duration of serum concentration necessitates frequent oral administration. Designing TFRD as a sustained-release agent could enhance patient's compliance and extend efficacy.

Emergent Magnetic Skyrmions in a Topological Weyl Nodal Ring Semimetal.

Topological magnetic materials are expected to show multiple transport responses because of their unusual bulk electronic topology in momentum space and their topological spin texture in real space. However, such multiple topological properties-hosting materials are rare in nature. In this work, we unambiguously reveal the emergence of magnetic skyrmions in MnGe single crystal through detailed electrical transport and Lorentz transmission electron microscopy (L-TEM) combined with calculations.

Germline Human Leukocyte Antigen Status is Associated With Immunotherapy-Induced Pneumonitis and Treatment Response in Patients With Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer With High Programmed Death-Ligand 1 Expression.

Introduction: The germline human leukocyte antigen (HLA) status has been found to be associated with immunotherapy outcomes in patients with NSCLC, but its correlation to immunotherapy-induced pneumonitis and prognostic impact in the Asian population remains largely unknown.

Methods: We evaluated the HLA genotype of the germline and available tumor samples in 42 patients with programmed death-ligand 1 expression of 50% or higher undergoing pembrolizumab immunotherapy. The HLA allele expression was correlated with tumor response, disease survival, and the occurrence of pneumonitis.

The X-Linked Tumor Suppressor TSPX Regulates Genes Involved in the EGFR Signaling Pathway and Cell Viability to Suppress Lung Adenocarcinoma.

TSPX is an X-linked tumor suppressor that was initially identified in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines. However, its expression patterns and downstream mechanisms in NSCLC remain unclear. This study aims to investigate the functions of TSPX in NSCLC by identifying its potential downstream targets and their correlation with clinical outcomes.

Outcomes of pediatric patients with suspected allergies to COVID-19 vaccines.

Background: Adverse effects following immunizations (AEFIs) can contribute to vaccine hesitancy.

Objective: We evaluated clinical outcomes of AEFIs subsequent to administration of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine at 2 pediatric allergy centers.

Methods: Data on pediatric patients referred for COVID-19 AEFI concerns between March 2021 and October 2022 were reviewed.

Case report: A novel germline loss-of-function mutation in the STAT1 transactivation domain in two Chinese siblings, with the elder sibling presenting with multifocal Calmette-Guerin osteomyelitis.

Signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) gene mutations have broad clinical phenotypes, classified by the inheritance pattern and functional state. Individuals with autosomal dominant STAT1 deficiency are more susceptible to intracellular bacteria, the hallmark of which is Mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial diseases (MSMDs) that are associated with increased risks of invasive disease by weakly virulent mycobacteria. We report a novel heterozygous missense mutation in exon 23 of the STAT1 gene (NM_007315.

Re-Engagement in Physical Activity Slows the Decline in Older Adults' Well-Being - A Longitudinal Study.

Physical activity is recommended for older adults; however, the benefits of previous active engagement in physical activity that can be sustained after one becomes inactive remain to be determined. This study investigated the longitudinal associations between physical activity engagement patterns and older adults' well-being. This population-based cohort study used data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study between 2015 and 2020.

Tissue-Specific Ablation of Liver Fatty Acid-Binding Protein Induces a Metabolically Healthy Obese Phenotype in Female Mice.

Background/objectives: Obesity is associated with numerous metabolic complications including insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and a reduced capacity for physical activity. Whole-body ablation of liver fatty acid-binding protein (LFABP) in mice was shown to alleviate several of these metabolic complications; high fat (HF) fed LFABP knockout (LFABP) mice developed higher fat mass than their wild-type (WT) counterparts but displayed a metabolically healthy obese (MHO) phenotype with normoglycemia, normoinsulinemia, and reduced hepatic steatosis compared with WT. LFABP is expressed in both liver and intestine, thus in the present study, LFABP conditional knockout (cKO) mice were generated to determine the contributions of LFABP specifically within the liver or the intestine to the whole body phenotype of the global knockout.

Enigma of social media use: complexities of social media addiction through the serial mediating effects of emotions and self-presentation.

Introduction: Excessive social media use, though considered unhealthy, is no longer formally categorized as an addiction or disorder, leading to a lack of consensus on this behavior. It raises concerns regarding the exclusion of Internet Addiction Disorder from the DSM-5-TR due to insufficient empirical evidence. This study investigates the serial mediating effects of positive and negative affect, fear of missing out, and offline and online self-presentation in the relationship between social media use and social media addiction.

Global prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms in different trimesters of pregnancy: A meta-analysis and meta-regression.

The global prevalence of psychological problems in different trimesters is unclear due to methodological constraints in previous reviews. A precise estimate would be a key first step in raising awareness and allocating resources. This review aims to (1) calculate the global prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms during different trimesters and (2) determine the factors influencing their prevalence estimates.

Whole genome analysis revealed the role of and genes in carbapenem resistance of strains.

is a multidrug-resistant bacterium that has emerged as a significant nosocomial pathogen globally and renowned for its ability to acquire antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes. However, understanding of its resistance mechanisms to certain drug classes remains limited. This study focused on four bacterial strains (AB863, AB889, AB930, and AB960) exhibiting carbapenem resistance.

The Impact of Social Media on Children's Mental Health: A Systematic Scoping Review.

Background: In the digital age, safeguarding children's mental health (CMH) has emerged as one of the most pressing challenges. The rapid evolution of social media (SM) from a basic networking platform to a multifaceted tool has introduced numerous conveniences. However, it has also posed significant challenges to children's mental well-being.

A common form of dominant human IFNAR1 deficiency impairs IFN-α and -ω but not IFN-β-dependent immunity.

Autosomal recessive deficiency of the IFNAR1 or IFNAR2 chain of the human type I IFN receptor abolishes cellular responses to IFN-α, -β, and -ω, underlies severe viral diseases, and is globally very rare, except for IFNAR1 and IFNAR2 deficiency in Western Polynesia and the Arctic, respectively. We report 11 human IFNAR1 alleles, the products of which impair but do not abolish responses to IFN-α and -ω without affecting responses to IFN-β. Ten of these alleles are rare in all populations studied, but the remaining allele (P335del) is common in Southern China (minor allele frequency ≈2%).

Development and validation of the Post-COVID Symptom Scale for Children/Youth (PCSS-C/Y).

This study aims to develop and validate the Post-COVID Symptom Scale for Children/Youth (PCSS-C/Y), which is a comprehensive tool for measuring the symptom burden of post-COVID-19 conditions-persistent symptoms after SARS-CoV-2 infection, commonly known as Long COVID-and its impact on health-related quality of life among children and adolescents. Parents of children and adolescents, adolescents, and young adults with and without a history of COVID-19 were invited to fill in a questionnaire from October 2022 to June 2023. There were 386 valid parent proxy-reported responses, 433 valid adolescent self-reported responses, and 324 valid young adult self-reported responses included in the final analysis.

Plasmodium knowlesi Infection Is Associated With Elevated Circulating Biomarkers of Brain Injury and Endothelial Activation.

Background: Malaria remains a major public health concern with substantial morbidity and mortality worldwide. In Malaysia, the emergence of Plasmodium knowlesi has led to a surge in zoonotic malaria cases and deaths in recent years. Signs of cerebral involvement have been observed in a noncomatose, fatal case of knowlesi infection, but the potential impact of this malaria species on the brain remains unexplored.

A General Pd-Catalyzed C2-H Arylation of Benzoxazoles with Highly Sterically Congested Aryl Chlorides Enabled by a Fittingly Tuned Ligand.

The benzoxazole core, featuring a sterically congested 2,6-disubstituted aryl fragment at the C2 position, exhibits exclusive three-dimensional structures that are essential for particular applications in material science and pharmaceutical development. Despite their importance, the synthesis of these compounds has posed challenges with an efficient preparation strategy still lacking. In this study, we introduced a new indolylphosphine ligand, , specifically designed to facilitate the C2-H arylation of benzoxazoles with sterically hindered aryl chlorides in general.