Magnetogenetics as a promising tool for controlling cellular signaling pathways.

Magnetogenetics emerges as a transformative approach for modulating cellular signaling pathways through the strategic application of magnetic fields and nanoparticles. This technique leverages the unique properties of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) to induce mechanical or thermal stimuli within cells, facilitating the activation of mechano- and thermosensitive proteins without the need for traditional ligand-receptor interactions. Unlike traditional modalities that often require invasive interventions and lack precision in targeting specific cellular functions, magnetogenetics offers a non-invasive alternative with the capacity for deep tissue penetration and the potential for targeting a broad spectrum of cellular processes.

Therapeutic significance of long noncoding RNAs in estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer.

About 70% of cases of breast cancer are compromised by Estrogen-positive breast cancer. Through its regulation of several processes, including cell proliferation, cell cycle progression, and apoptosis, Estrogen signaling plays a pivotal role in the genesis and progression of this particular kind of breast cancer. One of the best treatment strategies for treating Estrogen-positive breast cancer is blocking Estrogen signaling.

The Neurobiology of Life Course Socioeconomic Conditions and Associated Cognitive Performance in Middle to Late Adulthood.

Despite major advances, our understanding of the neurobiology of life course socioeconomic conditions is still scarce. This study aimed to provide insight into the pathways linking socioeconomic exposures-household income, last known occupational position, and life course socioeconomic trajectories-with brain microstructure and cognitive performance in middle to late adulthood. We assessed socioeconomic conditions alongside quantitative relaxometry and diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging indicators of brain tissue microstructure and cognitive performance in a sample of community-dwelling men and women ( = 751, aged 50-91 years).

Degeneracy and disordered brain networks in psychiatric patients using multivariate structural covariance analyzes.

Introduction: In this study, we applied multivariate methods to identify brain regions that have a critical role in shaping the connectivity patterns of networks associated with major psychiatric diagnoses, including schizophrenia (SCH), major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder (BD) and healthy controls (HC). We used T1w images from 164 subjects: Schizophrenia ( = 17), bipolar disorder ( = 25), major depressive disorder ( = 68) and a healthy control group ( = 54).

Methods: We extracted regions of interest (ROIs) using a method based on the SHOOT algorithm of the SPM12 toolbox.

Application of Mass Multivariate Analysis on Neuroimaging Data Sets for Precision Diagnostics of Depression.

We used the Mass Multivariate Method on structural, resting-state, and task-related fMRI data from two groups of patients with schizophrenia and depression in order to define several regions of significant relevance to the differential diagnosis of those conditions. The regions included the left planum polare (PP), the left opercular part of the inferior frontal gyrus (OpIFG), the medial orbital gyrus (MOrG), the posterior insula (PIns), and the parahippocampal gyrus (PHG). This study delivered evidence that a multimodal neuroimaging approach can potentially enhance the validity of psychiatric diagnoses.

Multivariate Analysis of Structural and Functional Neuroimaging Can Inform Psychiatric Differential Diagnosis.

Traditional psychiatric diagnosis has been overly reliant on either self-reported measures (introspection) or clinical rating scales (interviews). This produced the so-called explanatory gap with the bio-medical disciplines, such as neuroscience, which are supposed to deliver biological explanations of disease. In that context the neuro-biological and clinical assessment in psychiatry remained discrepant and incommensurable under conventional statistical frameworks.

[Sjögren's syndrome with juvenile onset].

Unlabelled: Aim to analyze demographic data, clinical features and results of laboratory and instrumental examinations in children with primary and secondary Sjögren syndrome (SS).

Materials And Methods: The study included all consequently patients, who hospitalized to the pediatric department of V.A.

Cross-Validation of Functional MRI and Paranoid-Depressive Scale: Results From Multivariate Analysis.

There exists over the past decades a constant debate driven by controversies in the validity of psychiatric diagnosis. This debate is grounded in queries about both the validity and evidence strength of clinical measures. The objective of the study is to construct a bottom-up unsupervised machine learning approach, where the brain signatures identified by three principal components based on activations yielded from the three kinds of diagnostically relevant stimuli are used in order to produce cross-validation markers which may effectively predict the variance on the level of clinical populations and eventually delineate diagnostic and classification groups.

Patellar bone strain after total knee arthroplasty is correlated with bone mineral density and body mass index.

Patella-related complications after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) remain a major clinical concern. Previous studies have suggested that increased postoperative patellar bone strain could be related to such complications, but there is limited knowledge on patellar strain after TKA. The objective of this study was to predict patellar bone strain after TKA and evaluate correlations with various preoperative data.

[Parkinson's disease and glutamate excitotoxicity].

Aim: To measure the concentration of glutamate in the serum of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and determine its association with clinical variants of disease course.

Material And Methods: One hundred and ten patients with PD and 90 healthy people were examined. Glutamate concentration in the blood serum was determined with a spectrophotometric method.

[Parkinson's disease and glutamatergic system].

Clinical variants of Parkinson's disease (PD) are not restricted to motor symptoms but include a wide spectrum of different non-motor symptoms: cognitive, psychotic, autonomic and sensory. These non-motor symptoms often occur long before classical motor features. Associated pathologic changes can now be identified at earliest stages using neuroimaging, pathomorphological and genetic studies.

Effect of changes of femoral offset on abductor and joint reaction forces in total hip arthroplasty.

Background: Anatomical reconstruction in total hip arthroplasty (THA) allows for physiological muscle function, good functional outcome and implant longevity. Quantitative data on the effect of a loss or gain of femoral offset (FO) are scarce. The aim of this study was to quantitatively describe the effect of FO changes on abductor moment arms, muscle and joint reactions forces.

Dual mobility cups provide biomechanical advantages in situations at risk for dislocation: a finite element analysis.

Purpose: Constrained devices, standard implants with large heads, and dual mobility systems have become popular options to manage instability after total hip arthroplasty (THA). Clinical results with these options have shown variable success rates and significant higher rates of aseptic loosening and mechanical failures with constrained implants. Literature suggests potential advantages of dual mobility, however little is known about its biomechanics.

Importance of trabecular anisotropy in finite element predictions of patellar strain after Total Knee Arthroplasty.

Patellar fracture and anterior knee pain remain major complications after Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA). Patient-specific finite element (FE) models should help improve understanding of these complications through estimation of joint and bone mechanics. However, sensitivity of predictions on modeling techniques and approaches is not fully investigated.

Identification of elastic properties of human patellae using micro-finite element analysis.

Current homogenized finite element (hFE) models of the patella lack a validated material law and mostly overlook trabecular anisotropy. The objective of this study was to identify the elastic constants of patellar trabecular bone. Using μCT scans of 20 fresh-frozen cadaveric patellae, we virtually extracted 200 trabecular cubes (5.

Biomechanical Role of Bone Anisotropy Estimated on Clinical CT Scans by Image Registration.

Image-based modeling is a popular approach to perform patient-specific biomechanical simulations. Accurate modeling is critical for orthopedic application to evaluate implant design and surgical planning. It has been shown that bone strength can be estimated from the bone mineral density (BMD) and trabecular bone architecture.

[Correlation Between Emotional-Affective Disorders and Gut Microbiota Composition in Patients with Parkinson’s Disease].

Background: Despite the efforts of scientific community the data available on the correlation between emotional-affective symptoms of Parkinson’s disease and changes in microbiome is still scarce. Deeper studies of nonmotor symptoms evident in premotor stages of the disease and the reciprocal influence of microbiota may help to understand the etiology and pathogenesis of PD neurodegeneration better.

Aim Of The Study: Discover the relations between emotional-affective disorders prevalent in PD population and changes in gut microbiota composition.

[A role of the gastrointestinal tract microbiota in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease].

Microbiota is a community of microorganisms, viruses, protozoa, colonizing the gut. There are tight phylogenetic relationships between the gut microbiota and the human body, the disturbance of which may lead to the CNS dysfunction as well as to the development of neurodegenerative diseases. This review focuses on general and specific aspects of the influence of gut microbiota on the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD).

A patient-specific model of total knee arthroplasty to estimate patellar strain: A case study.

Background: Inappropriate patellar cut during total knee arthroplasty can lead to patellar complications due to increased bone strain. In this study, we evaluated patellar bone strain of a patient who had a deeper patellar cut than the recommended.

Methods: A patient-specific model based on patient preoperative data was created.

Time course of bone screw fixation following a local delivery of Zoledronate in a rat femoral model - a micro-finite element analysis.

A good fixation of osteosynthesis implants is crucial for a successful bone healing but often difficult to achieve in osteoporotic patients. One possible solution to this issue is the local delivery of bisphosphonates in direct proximity to the implants, A critical aspect of this method, that has not yet been well investigated, is the time course of the implant fixation following the drug release. Usual destructive mechanical tests require large numbers of animals to produce meaningful results.

Impact and treatment of anemia in the elderly: clinical, epidemiological and economic perspectives.

Anemia, defined as a lower than normal level of serum hemoglobin, is a common condition among the elderly, and it is often attributed to normal consequences of aging. Anemia in older individuals is frequently undiagnosed and untreated. The impact of untreated anemia can be severe, including increased risk of death, loss of independent functioning, physical decline, falls and fractures, frailty, cognitive decline, cardiovascular events and added economic burden to society.