Underestimation of fluoroscopic exposure among orthopedic residents.

Objectives: Concerns about radiation exposure for health care workers have increased in the last decade, along with the increased use of fluoroscopic imaging for surgical procedures. Recent literature suggests that surgeons with the least experience have higher exposure during surgery, and their perception of exposure may be lower. The purpose of this study was to examine the accuracy of orthopedic resident trainees' estimates of their exposure during fluoroscopy cases.