Salivary cell-free and transcripts as potential biomarkers for estrus identification in buffaloes ().

Estrus detection is a major problem in buffaloes because of the poor expression of estrus signs leading to low reproductive efficiency. Salivary transcripts analysis is a promising tool to identify biomarkers; therefore, the present study was carried out to evaluate their potential as estrus biomarkers. The levels of , , , transcripts were compared in saliva during estrous cycle stages [early proestrus (day -2, EP), late proestrus (day-1, LP), estrus (E), metestrus (ME) and diestrus (DE)] of cyclic heifers ( = 8) and pluriparous ( = 8) buffaloes by employing quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR).

Comparative Proteome Profiling of Saliva Between Estrus and Non-Estrus Stages by Employing Label-Free Quantitation (LFQ) and Tandem Mass Tag (TMT)-LC-MS/MS Analysis: An Approach for Estrus Biomarker Identification in .

Accurate determination of estrus is essentially required for efficient reproduction management of farm animals. Buffalo is a shy breeder and does not manifest overt signs of estrus that make estrus detection difficult resulting in a poor conception rate. Therefore, identifying estrus biomarkers in easily accessible biofluid such as saliva is of utmost interest.

Molecular characterization and protein structure prediction of heat shock transcriptional factors in goat () and sheep ().

The heat shock factors are important as they are master regulator of heat shock response. There are only few mammalian which have been characterized, namely , , and . The present study was aimed to clone and sequence characterize the partial open reading frames (ORFs) of and gene from cDNA isolated from testicular tissue of sheep (Macheri) and goat (Beetal).

Noninvasive method of DNA isolation from fecal epithelial tissue of dairy animals.

A novel noninvasive genomic DNA isolation protocol from fecal tissue, by the proteinase K digestion and guanidine hydrochloride extraction method, was assessed for the genotyping of cattle and buffalo. The epithelial tissues present on the surface of the feces were used as source for isolation of genomic DNA. The DNA isolated from fecal tissue was found to be similar as those obtained from other body tissues such as skin, brain, liver, kidney, and muscle.