Stereotactic Ablative Radiation Therapy for Pulmonary Metastases: Histology, Dose, and Indication Matter.

Purpose: To assess the association between colorectal cancer (CRC) histology, dose, and local failure (LF) after stereotactic ablative radiation therapy (SABR) for pulmonary metastases, and to describe subsequent cancer progression, change of systemic therapy (CST), survival, and their association with treatment indications.

Methods And Materials: From a prospective SABR cohort, 180 pulmonary metastases in 120 patients were identified. Treatment indications were single metastasis, oligometastases, oligoprogression, and dominant areas of progression.

Improved Survival in Patients with Viral Hepatitis-Induced Hepatocellular Carcinoma Undergoing Recommended Abdominal Ultrasound Surveillance in Ontario: A Population-Based Retrospective Cohort Study.

The optimal schedule for ultrasonographic surveillance of patients with viral hepatitis for the detection of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unclear owing to a lack of reliable studies. We examined the timing of ultrasonography in patients with viral hepatitis-induced HCC and its impact on survival and mortality risk while determining predictors of receiving surveillance before HCC diagnosis. A population-based retrospective cohort analysis of patients with viral hepatitis-induced HCC in Ontario between 2000 and 2010 was performed using data from the Ontario Cancer Registry linked health administrative data.

Lung stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) delivered over 4 or 11 days: a comparison of acute toxicity and quality of life.

Purpose: The optimal duration over which lung SBRT should be delivered is unknown. We conducted a randomized pilot study in patients treated with four fractions of lung SBRT delivered over 4 or over 11 days.

Methods: Patients with a peripheral solitary lung tumor (NSCLC or pulmonary metastasis) ≤ 5 cm were eligible.

Accelerated hypofractionated radiotherapy for early-stage non-small-cell lung cancer: long-term results.

Purpose: To retrospectively review the results of a single-institution series of accelerated hypofractionated radiotherapy for early-stage non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in patients who are medically inoperable or who refuse surgery.

Methods And Materials: Peripherally located T1 to T3 N0 M0 tumors were treated with 48 to 60 Gy in 12 to 15 fractions between 1996 and 2007. No elective nodal irradiation was delivered.

A comparison of two immobilization systems for stereotactic body radiation therapy of lung tumors.

Purpose: This study aims to compare the efficacy, efficiency and comfort level of two immobilization systems commonly used in lung stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT): the Bodyfix and the abdominal compression plate (ACP).

Materials And Methods: Twenty-four patients undergoing SBRT for medically inoperable stage I lung cancer or pulmonary metastases were entered on this prospective randomized study. All underwent 4DCT simulation with free breathing, the Bodyfix, and the ACP to assess respiratory tumor motion.

Current issues in the management of paediatric viral hepatitis.

Viral hepatitis poses important problems for children. In preschoolers, hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection frequently causes acute liver failure. Vaccinating toddlers against HAV in countries with high endemicity is expected to decrease mortality.

Accelerated hypofractionation for early-stage non-small-cell lung cancer.

Purpose: To describe the outcome of treating early-stage non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with an accelerated hypofractionated course of radiotherapy.

Methods And Materials: A policy of treating early-stage NSCLC with a dose of 48 Gy in 12 once-daily fractions without elective irradiation of radiologically uninvolved regional nodes was adopted in 1996. We describe the outcome in 33 patients with NSCLC treated with this dose-fractionation schedule.

Maternal-infant transmission of hepatitis C virus infection.

Mother-to-infant transmission of hepatitis C virus (HCV) is comparatively uncommon. The prevalence of antibody to HCV (anti-HCV) in pregnant women is 0.1% to 2.