Privacy violations in election results.

After an election, should election officials release a copy of each anonymous ballot? Some policy-makers have championed public disclosure to counter distrust, but others worry that it might undermine ballot secrecy. We introduce the term vote revelation to refer to the linkage of a vote on an anonymous ballot to the voter's name in the public voter file and detail how such revelation could theoretically occur. Using the 2020 election in Maricopa County, Arizona, as a case study, we show that the release of individual ballot records would lead to no revelation of any vote choice for 99.

A qualitative study to evaluate the preparedness of community paediatricians for genomic medicine in England - ready for take-off?

Genomic medicine (GM) was mainstreamed across the National Health Service (NHS) in England in 2018. Non-genetics healthcare professionals can now incorporate genomic testing including whole genome sequencing (WGS) into their clinical practice. This study was conducted to evaluate the preparedness of community paediatricians (CPs) for GM.

Could adaptive deep brain stimulation treat freezing of gait in Parkinson's disease?

Next-generation neurostimulators capable of running closed-loop adaptive deep brain stimulation (aDBS) are about to enter the clinical landscape for the treatment of Parkinson's disease. Already promising results using aDBS have been achieved for symptoms such as bradykinesia, rigidity and motor fluctuations. However, the heterogeneity of freezing of gait (FoG) with its wide range of clinical presentations and its exacerbation with cognitive and emotional load make it more difficult to predict and treat.

Novel Controlled Metabolic Accelerator for Obesity-Related HFpEF: The HuMAIN-HFpEF Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Excess body fat plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). HU6 is a novel, controlled metabolic accelerator that enhances mitochondrial uncoupling resulting in increased metabolism and fat-specific weight loss.

Objective: To assess efficacy and safety of HU6 in reducing body weight, improving peak volume of oxygen consumption (VO2) and body composition among patients with obesity-related HFpEF.

Food Insecurity and Incident Cardiovascular Disease Among Black and White US Individuals, 2000-2020.

Importance: Food insecurity is associated with prevalent cardiovascular disease (CVD), but studies have been limited to cross-sectional data.

Objectives: To study whether food insecurity is associated with incident CVD and to determine whether this association varies by sex, education, or race.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This prospective cohort study was conducted among US adults without preexisting CVD participating in the CARDIA (Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults) study from 2000 to August 31, 2020.

Troubling the Comfort Zone of Nursing Education Through Critical Allied Educators.

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic exposed long-standing connections between health inequity and social injustice. With Millennials and Gen Z at the forefront of protests against racial injustices, the disconnect between students and educators is increasing. Students expect educators to trouble the comfort zone of the classroom and clinical settings to address the complex dynamics of anti-Black racism and oppressive practices.

How Families Manage the Home Environment for Young People With Asthma and Allergic Sensitisation: A Qualitative Study.

Background And Aim: Children and young people (CYP) with severe, sub-optimally controlled asthma and co-existing allergic senitization to indoor aeroallergens, such as pet dander and house dust mite (HDM), would likely benefit from reduced allergen exposure. Multiple allergen remediation interventions exist and are often suggested to families in secondary care asthma clinics in the United Kingdom. Evidence suggests remediation uptake is low or partial but there is sparse evidence to explain why.

Sociodemographic, clinical, and genetic factors associated with self-reported antidepressant response outcomes in the UK Biobank.

Background: In major depressive disorder (MDD), only ~35% achieve remission after first-line antidepressant therapy. Using UK Biobank data, we identify sociodemographic, clinical, and genetic predictors of antidepressant response through self-reported outcomes, aiming to inform personalized treatment strategies.

Methods: In UK Biobank Mental Health Questionnaire 2, participants with MDD reported whether specific antidepressants helped them.

Behavioural and psychological factors associated with pre-frailty in community-dwelling adults aged 40 and over: a cross-sectional study.

Frailty and pre-frailty are major public health concerns. While frailty is typically associated with older adults, evidence suggests that pre-frailty commonly starts in middle-age. This study examined associations between behavioural and psychological correlates of pre-frailty and frailty in adults from 40 years to help identify at-risk individuals and inform interventions.

Natural history traits influence winners and losers for herpetological communities in disturbed tropical habitats.

Habitat alteration can lead to a few 'winning' species outcompeting many 'losing' species, an effect commonly termed as 'Winner-Loser-Replacements' or WLRs. This can lead to homogenisation of species assemblages at phylogenetic and functional levels. Most previous studies analyse responses of species abundance without considering natural history traits associated with those species.

Short communication: "Gene expression patterns of the four cardiac chambers in the Thoroughbred horse".

Athlete horses' contraction and conduction of the healthy heart influences racing performance. Gene expression patterns in the horse heart are not yet fully investigated. We aimed to evaluate the gene expression from the four chambers of the heart overall and with focus on genes involved in the electrophysiology of the heart in Thoroughbred racehorses with no clinical cardiac abnormalities.

Unplanned extubation prevention in the neuroscience ICU at a High Reliability Organization.

Background: Intubated neuroscience ICU patients are at risk for unplanned extubation (premature removal of the endotracheal tube by the patient or during patient care). The incidence of unplanned extubation is an indicator of the quality of ICU care. Unplanned extubation is a risk factor for pneumonia, increased ventilator days, the need for tracheostomy and increased ICU and hospital length-of-stay.

Proposing the Integrated Pathway Model of Moral Injury (IPM-MI): A Moderated Mediation Analysis of Moral Injury Among Secure Mental Healthcare Staff.

Moral injury is a prevalent issue for secure mental healthcare staff, though understanding of the underlying mechanisms is limited. This multi-study paper explores several developmental, cognitive and emotional pathways to moral injury and associated wellbeing outcomes. Frontline and support staff from secure mental healthcare services were recruited to two cross-sectional studies ( = 527 and  = 325, respectively), and completed several questionnaires.

An Academic-Practice Partnership to Support Transition to Practice.

Repercussions from the COVID pandemic and a depleted nursing workforce demand more robust support to assure successful new graduate nurse transitions. Clinical learning in the real-world patient care setting is widely regarded as the essential element for preparation to practice. An academic-practice partnership established an apprenticeship program offering student nurse's greater exposure to real-world clinical experience to evaluate the value of a student nurse apprenticeship on new graduate nurse readiness for practice.

Body Composition Differentiates Prediabetes Phenotype Clusters in the Diabetes Prevention Program Study.

Context: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) remains a significant public health program, and current approaches to risk reduction fail to adequately prevent T2D in all individuals.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to apply clustering methods that include metabolic risk factors and body composition measures to identify and characterize prediabetes phenotypes and their relationships with treatment arm and incident T2D.

Design: Secondary analysis of the Diabetes Prevention Program clinical trial.

CNM-Au8 in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: The HEALEY ALS Platform Trial.

Importance: Bioenergetic failure has been proposed as a driver of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). CNM-Au8 is a suspension of gold nanocrystals that catalyzes the conversion of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide hydride into NAD+, resulting in an increase of cellular adenosine triphosphate production.

Objective: To determine the effects of CNM-Au8 on ALS disease progression.

Pridopidine in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: The HEALEY ALS Platform Trial.

Importance: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal disease. The sigma-1 (σ1) receptor emerged as a target for intervention.

Objective: To determine the effects of pridopidine, a σ1-receptor agonist, in ALS.

Verdiperstat in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: Results From the Randomized HEALEY ALS Platform Trial.

Importance: Myeloperoxidase is one of the most abundant peroxidase enzymes in activated myeloid cells. Myeloperoxidase inhibitors may have a clinical benefit in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) by slowing neurodegeneration via reduced neuroinflammation and oxidative stress.

Objective: To determine the safety, tolerability, and efficacy of verdiperstat, a selective myeloperoxidase inhibitor, in ALS.

IVF success rates in individuals accessing preimplantation genetic testing for monogenic conditions (PGT-M): a single centre retrospective cohort study of 572 IVF cycles.

Purpose: To evaluate live birth rates per embryo transfer where the primary indication for assisted reproduction was preimplantation genetic testing for monogenic conditions.

Methods: All oocytes were fertilized using intracytoplasmic sperm injection. On days 5-7, ~ 5 trophectoderm cells were biopsied.

First-Time Mothers' Experiences of Caring for Their Preterm Infant in India.

The aim of this study was to understand first-time mothers' experience of caring for their preterm infant in an Indian context using a descriptive qualitative design. Six first-time mothers of preterm infants were interviewed using a semi-structured interview guide. Thematic analysis revealed the overarching theme of "striving to be a mother to an infant with special needs," with three categories: contextual constraints at the hospital and home, mothers' personal limitations and coping strategies.

Reporting a Homozygous Case of Neurodevelopmental Disorder Associated With a Novel PRPF8 Variant.

Background: While recently identified heterozygous PRPF8 variants have been linked to various human diseases, their role in neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) remains ambiguous. This study investigates the potential association between homozygous PRPF8 variants and NDDs. Most PRPF8 variants are primarily associated with retinal diseases; however, we analyze a family with multiple members diagnosed with NDDs.

Variation in wood density across South American tropical forests.

Wood density is a critical control on tree biomass, so poor understanding of its spatial variation can lead to large and systematic errors in forest biomass estimates and carbon maps. The need to understand how and why wood density varies is especially critical in tropical America where forests have exceptional species diversity and spatial turnover in composition. As tree identity and forest composition are challenging to estimate remotely, ground surveys are essential to know the wood density of trees, whether measured directly or inferred from their identity.

The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic and Lockdowns on Sex Workers in West Bengal, India.

India's COVID-19 lockdowns were among the strictest globally, and sex workers were uniquely impacted. Extremely limited literature has examined pandemic consequences on sex workers. We use a qualitative approach to examine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and lockdowns on the lives and livelihoods of sex workers in urban West Bengal, India.

Achieving Complete Pathologic Necrosis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treated with Radiation Segmentectomy before Liver Transplantation: A Comprehensive Glass Microsphere Analysis.

Purpose: To determine comprehensive treatment parameters predictive of complete pathologic necrosis (CPN) in early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treated with glass microsphere radiation segmentectomy (RS).

Methods: This study is a secondary analysis of 61 tumors with available post-treatment imaging from a previously published cohort treated with RS using Yttrium-90-containing glass microspheres prior to liver transplantation. Post-treatment Bremsstrahlung SPECT-CT single-compartment, multi-compartment, and voxel-based dosimetry analyses were performed using dose confirmation software and compared between tumors that achieved CPN vs.