Off-label drug use in neonates and infants in Spain: A five-year observational study.

Objectives: To provide information about the off-label rate of all drug prescriptions in neonates and infants up to 1 year in Spain. Also, to analyse the off-label prescription of medicines under current practice in this age group according to different evidence sources.

Study Design: A five-year (2015-2019) exploratory observational study about off-label prescription in neonates and infants (0 to 1 year) at primary health care in Spain.

Effects of the Off-Label Drug Prescription in the Paediatric Population in Spain from the Adoption of the Latest European Regulation: A Pre-Post Study.

The year 2021 marks the 15th anniversary of the Paediatric Regulation (1901/2006/EC) in Europe. The main aim of the study was to conduct a pre-post comparison on the annual off-label prescription rates in the under-18 population in Spain and assess the potential influence of the Paediatric Regulation adoption. An observational study in the paediatric population was performed.

Prevention strategies to identify LASA errors: building and sustaining a culture of patient safety.

Background: Potential look-alike, sound-alike (LASA) errors in outpatient and inpatient prescriptions have been widely described worldwide. However, most strategies of reducing drug name confusion have been only focused on the processes of prescribing and dispensing, often following local rules.

Main Text: An illustrative recent example about this topic is given: the antidepressant Brintellix® (vortioxetine) (Takeda Pharmaceuticals USA, Inc.

Compatibility between Leptolegnia chapmanii and diflubenzuron and neem oil for the control of Aedes aegypti.

Leptolegnia chapmanii is pathogenic to mosquito larvae. The compatibility between L. chapmanii and two insect growth regulators (IGR), diflubenzuron and neem oil, was evaluated.

Genome Sequence of Metarhizium , a Microbial Control Agent for Lepidoptera.

(formerly known as ) is a potential agent for microbial control of many insect pests from the order Lepidoptera, the damages of which can cause considerable loss of productivity in agriculture. We report the genome sequence and annotation of strain Cep018-CH2/ARSEF 7053.

Adverse Drug Events in Patients with Dementia and Neuropsychiatric/Behavioral, and Psychological Symptoms, a One-Year Prospective Study.

Older people usually present with adverse drug events (ADEs) with nonspecific symptoms such as cognitive decline, recurrent falls, reduced mobility, and/or major deterioration. The aims of this study were to assess the ADEs of patients with dementia and presenting neuropsychiatric/behavioral, and psychological symptoms in dementia (BPSD) and to categorize and identify the principal factors that allow to prevent ADEs, and separately ADEs that result in falls. To that end, a one-year prospective study in a psychogeriatric ward (July 2015 to July 2016) was performed.

Prospective study of variables associated with nonadherence to psychotherapy.

The identification of factors associated with nonadherence to psychotherapy would allow a better prevention of this problem. To investigate factors associated with nonadherence in psychotherapy, its possible effect on outcomes, and reasons for therapy dropout. Prospective analytic observational study of patients who initiated psychotherapy ( = 144).

Readability assessment of package leaflets of biosimilars.

Objectives: To assess the degree of readability and the length of the package leaflets of biosimilars.

Setting: The package leaflets analysed were downloaded from the European Medicines Agency (EMA) website.

Participants: The study sample included the package leaflets written in English of all the biosimilars that were authorised by the EMA on 31 August 2017, and whose content was available via the internet on that date (n=35).

Current evidence in the stability of medicines in dose administration aids: implications for patient safety.

Introduction: As the elderly population and polypharmacy are increasing, it is predicted that interventions to enhance medication adherence, as dose administration aids (DAA), will grow. One of the limitations of repackaging medicines into DAA is to assure the stability of medicines, and, therefore, their quality, efficacy and safety.

Areas Covered: This article collects and summarises data of all the stability studies of repackaged medicines into DAAs.

The African American Eye Disease Study: Design and Methods.

Purpose: To describe the study design, operational and recruitment strategies, procedures, and baseline characteristics of the African American Eye Disease Study (AFEDS), a population-based assement of the prevalence of visual impairment, ocular disease, visual function, and health-related quality of life in African Americans.

Methods: This population-based, cross-sectional study included over 6000 African Americans 40 years and older residing in and around Inglewood, California. A detailed interview and eye examination was performed on each eligible participant.

Assessing the stability of lamotrigine dispersible/chewable tablets when stored in blister punch cards.

Objectives: To determine the stability of lamotrigine dispersible/chewable tablets (DCTs) when stored in blister punch cards (BPCs).

Methods: Lamotrigine 100 mg DCTs were randomly repackaged into a US Pharmacopeia Class A 1 week cold-sealed BPC. Chemical and physical stability were evaluated over a 60 day period, in controlled conditions corresponding to Climatic Zones I/II (25 °C ± 2 °C; 60% ± 5% relative humidity).

Readability Analysis of the Package Leaflets for Biological Medicines Available on the Internet Between 2007 and 2013: An Analytical Longitudinal Study.

Background: The package leaflet included in the packaging of all medicinal products plays an important role in the transmission of medicine-related information to patients. Therefore, in 2009, the European Commission published readability guidelines to try to ensure that the information contained in the package leaflet is understood by patients.

Objective: The main objective of this study was to calculate and compare the readability levels and length (number of words) of the package leaflets for biological medicines in 2007, 2010, and 2013.

Stability of enalapril repackaged into monitored dosage system.

A monitored dosage system (MDS) is a professionally prepared blister-type repackaging system used to improve medication adherence. The objective of this study was to determine the stability of enalapril tablets, a widely prescribed drug, commonly used by the elderly but potentially unstable in MDSs. No degradation of enalapril tablets repackaged into MDSs was observed during the 60 day study period.

Impact of INICC Multidimensional Hand Hygiene Approach in ICUs in Four Cities in Argentina.

We evaluated the impact of the International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium multidimensional approach to hand hygiene in 11 intensive care units in 4 cities in Argentina and analyzed predictors of poor hand hygiene compliance. We had a baseline period and a follow-up period. We observed 21 100 hand hygiene opportunities.

Is the pharmacokinetics of bupivacaine equivalent after lumbar epidural administration through a needle or a catheter in male and female adults?

We assessed possible pharmacokinetic modifications due to different epidural injection techniques using either a needle or a catheter. Adult patients (n=23) undergoing lower abdominal or lower extremity surgery were randomly assigned a single bupivacaine epidural injection anesthesia (0.5%, 15 mL, 0.

Dietary squalene supplementation improves DSS-induced acute colitis by downregulating p38 MAPK and NFkB signaling pathways.

Scope: Squalene is a polyunsaturated triterpene, which has exhibited anticancer and antioxidant activities among others. We investigated dietary squalene supplementation effect on an acute colitis model induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) in C57BL/6 mice.

Methods And Results: Mice were fed from weaning with squalene at 0.

Evaluation of electronic prescription implementation in polymedicated users of Catalonia, Spain: a population-based longitudinal study.

Objectives: To assess whether electronic prescribing is a comprehensive health management tool that may contribute to rational drug use, particularly in polymedicated patients receiving 16 or more medications in the public healthcare system in the Barcelona Health Region (BHR).

Design: 16 months of retrospective study followed by 12 months of prospective monitoring.

Setting: Primary healthcare in BHR, Catalonia, Spain.

Readability assessment of package inserts of biological medicinal products from the European medicines agency website.

Background: Package inserts that accompany medicines are a common source of information aimed at patients and should match patient abilities in terms of readability.

Objective: Our objective was to determine the degree of readability of the package inserts for biological medicinal products commercially available in 2007 and compare them with the readability of the same package inserts in 2010.

Methods: A total of 33 package inserts were selected and classified into five groups according to the type of medicine: monoclonal antibody-based products, cytokines, therapeutic enzymes, recombinant blood factors and other blood-related products, and recombinant hormones.

Natural occurrence of entomophthoroid fungi of aphid pests on Medicago sativa L. in Argentina.

Four species of entomophthoroid fungi, Pandora neoaphidis (Entomophthorales: Entomophthoraceae), Zoophthora radicans (Entomophthorales: Entomophthoraceae), Entomophthora planchoniana (Entomophthorales: Entomophthoraceae) and Neozygites fresenii (Neozygitales: Neozygitaceae) were found to infect Aphis craccivora, Therioaphis trifolii, and Acyrthosiphon pisum and unidentified species of Acyrthosiphon on lucerne in Argentina. Samples were collected from five sites (Ceres, Rafaela, Sarmiento, Monte Vera and Bernardo de Irigoyen) in the province of Santa Fe. In this study, Zoophthora radicans was the most important pathogen and was recorded mainly on Acyrthosiphon sp.

Profile, cost and pattern of prescriptions for polymedicated patients in Catalonia, Spain.

Objectives: Polypharmacy is one of the main management issues in public health policies because of its financial impact and the increasing number of people involved. The polymedicated population according to their demographic and therapeutic profile and the cost for the public healthcare system were characterised.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Abarema cochliacarpos reduces LPS-induced inflammatory response in murine peritoneal macrophages regulating ROS-MAPK signal pathway.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Abarema cochliacarpos (Gomes) Barneby and Grimes (Fabaceae), known by the vulgar name of Babatenã, has been traditionally used in Northeast Brazil, as an anti-inflammatory remedy. Previous studies have demonstrated its anti-inflammatory and antiulcer effects in skin lesion, alcohol gastric ulcer and acute and chronic colitis.

Aims: The present study was designed to evaluate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of the butanolic fraction from A.

Dietary extra virgin olive oil polyphenols supplementation modulates DSS-induced chronic colitis in mice.

We evaluated the protective effect of dietary extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) polyphenol extract (PE) supplementation in the inflammatory response associated to chronic colitis model. Six-week-old mice were randomized in four dietary groups: standard diet (SD), EVOO diet and both enriched with PE (850 ppm) (SD+PE and EVOO+PE). After 30 days, animals that were exposed to dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) (3%) followed by 3 weeks of drinking water developed chronic colitis, which was evaluated by disease activity index (DAI) and histology.