Diabetes distress and depression in type 2 diabetes. A cross-sectional study in 18,000 individuals in the Central Denmark region.

Aims: Type 2 diabetes is linked to psychological distress and a doubled risk of depression. This study aims to characterize individuals with type 2 diabetes experiencing diabetes distress and/or depression in relation to lifestyle and metabolic outcomes.

Methods: A population-based survey in 2020 targeted individuals with type 2 diabetes (aged 18-75 years) in the Central Denmark Region.

Longitudinal Change in Serum Neurofilament Light Chain in Type 2 Diabetes and Early Diabetic Polyneuropathy: ADDITION-Denmark.

Objective: To investigate the longitudinal development of neurofilament light chain (NfL) levels in type 2 diabetes with and without diabetic polyneuropathy (+/-DPN) and to explore the predictive potential of NfL as a biomarker for DPN.

Research Design And Methods: We performed retrospective longitudinal case-control analysis of data from 178 participants of the Anglo-Danish-Dutch Study of Intensive Treatment in People with Screen-Detected Diabetes in Primary Care-Denmark (ADDITION-Denmark) cohort of people with screen-detected type 2 diabetes. Biobank samples acquired at the ADDITION-Denmark 5- and 10-year follow-ups were analyzed for serum NfL (s-NfL) using single-molecule array, and the results were compared with established reference material to obtain NfL z-scores.

Guideline-level monitoring, biomarker levels and pharmacological treatment in migrants and native Danes with type 2 diabetes: Population-wide analyses.

The prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) is higher in migrants compared to native populations in many countries, but the evidence on disparities in T2D care in migrants is inconsistent. Therefore, this study aimed to examine this in Denmark. In a cross-sectional, register-based study on 254,097 individuals with T2D, 11 indicators of guideline-level care were analysed: a) monitoring: hemoglobin-A1c (HbA1c), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), screening for diabetic nephropathy, retinopathy, and foot disease, b) biomarker control: HbA1c and LDL-C levels, and c) pharmacological treatment: glucose-lowering drugs (GLD), lipid-lowering drugs, angiotensin-converting enzyme-inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockers, and antiplatelet therapy.

Glucose-lowering drug use in migrants and native Danes with type 2 diabetes: Disparities in combination therapy and drug types.

Aim: To examine disparities in glucose-lowering drug (GLD) usage between migrants and native Danes with type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Materials And Methods: In a nationwide, register-based cross-sectional study of 253 364 individuals with prevalent T2D on December 31, 2018, we examined user prevalence during 2019 of (i) GLD combination therapies and (ii) individual GLD types. Migrants were grouped by origin (Middle East, Europe, Turkey, Former Yugoslavia, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Somalia, Vietnam), and relative risk (RR) versus native Danes was computed using robust Poisson regression to adjust for clinical and socioeconomic characteristics.

Validation of Register-Based Diabetes Classifiers in Danish Data.

Purpose: To validate two register-based algorithms classifying type 1 (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) in a general population using Danish register data.

Patients And Methods: After linking data on prescription drug usage, hospital diagnoses, laboratory results and diabetes-specific healthcare services from nationwide healthcare registers, diabetes type was defined for all individuals in Central Denmark Region age 18-74 years on 31 December 2018 according to two distinct register-based classifiers: 1) a novel register-based diabetes classifier incorporating diagnostic hemoglobin-A1C measurements, the (OSDC), and 2) an existing Danish diabetes classifier, the (RSCD). These classifications were validated against self-reported data from the survey - overall and stratified by age at onset of diabetes.

Autonomic dysfunction is associated with the development of arterial stiffness: the Whitehall II cohort.

This study aims to examine the association between baseline level and change of autonomic nervous function with subsequent development of arterial stiffness. Autonomic nervous function was assessed in 4901 participants of the Whitehall II occupational cohort by heart rate variability (HRV) indices and resting heart rate (rHR) three times between 1997 and 2009, while arterial stiffness was assessed by carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV) measured twice between 2007 and 2013. First, individual HRV/rHR levels and annual changes were estimated.

The impact of diabetes on cancer detection during the prevalence round of a national screening program for colorectal cancer.

Aims: Diabetes is associated with a higher risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) and inferior survival after CRC. Screening may enable the early detection of CRC. We aimed to assess the impact of diabetes on cancer detection and disease stage during the prevalence round of a national CRC screening program.

Gender disparities in time-to-initiation of cardioprotective glucose-lowering drugs in patients with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease: a Danish nationwide cohort study.

Background: We aimed to examine the impact of gender and specific type of cardiovascular disease (CVD) diagnosis (ischemic heart disease [IHD], heart failure, peripheral artery disease [PAD] or stroke) on time-to-initiation of either a sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor or glucagon-like peptide 1 analogue (collectively termed cardioprotective GLD) after a dual diagnosis of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and CVD.

Methods: In a nationwide cohort study, we identified patients with a new dual diagnosis of T2DM and CVD (January 1, 2012 and December 31, 2018). Cumulative user proportion (CUP) were assessed.

Cohort profile: Health in Central Denmark (HICD) cohort - a register-based questionnaire survey on diabetes and related complications in the Central Denmark Region.

Purpose: The Health in Central Denmark (HICD) cohort is a newly established cohort built on extensive questionnaire data linked with laboratory data and Danish national health and administrative registries. The aim is to establish an extensive resource for (1) gaining knowledge on patient-related topics and experiences that are not measured objectively at clinical health examinations and (2) long-term follow-up studies of inequality in diabetes and diabetes-related complications.

Participants: A total of 1.

Diabetic Polyneuropathy Early in Type 2 Diabetes Is Associated With Higher Incidence Rate of Cardiovascular Disease: Results From Two Danish Cohort Studies.

Objective: Symptoms indicative of diabetic polyneuropathy (DPN) early in type 2 diabetes may act as a marker for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and death.

Research Design And Methods: We linked data from two Danish type 2 diabetes cohorts, the Anglo-Danish-Dutch Study of Intensive Treatment in People With Screen-Detected Diabetes in Primary Care (ADDITION-Denmark) and the Danish Centre for Strategic Research in Type 2 Diabetes (DD2), to national health care registers. The Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument questionnaire (MNSIq) was completed at diabetes diagnosis in ADDITION-Denmark and at a median of 4.

Duration of diabetes-related complications and mortality in type 1 diabetes: a national cohort study.

Background: People with type 1 diabetes often live for many years with different combinations of diabetes-related complications. We aimed to quantify how complication duration and total complication burden affect mortality, using data from national registers.

Methods: This study included 33 396 individuals with type 1 diabetes, registered in the Swedish National Diabetes Register at any time between 2001 and 2012.

Effect of familial diabetes status and age at diagnosis on type 2 diabetes risk: a nation-wide register-based study from Denmark.

Aims/hypothesis: We assessed whether the risk of developing type 2 diabetes and the age of onset varied with the age at diabetes diagnosis of affected family members.

Methods: We performed a national register-based open cohort study of individuals living in Denmark between 1995 and 2012. The population under study consisted of all individuals aged 30 years or older without diagnosed diabetes at the start date of the cohort (1 January 1995) and who had information about their parents' identity.

Factors associated with attendance at clinical follow-up of a cohort with screen-detected type 2 diabetes: ADDITION-Denmark.

Aims: To determine the association between concurrent overall burden of disease, cardiovascular disease, cancer, self-rated health, HbA levels, and attendance at clinical follow-up of the Danish arm of the ADDITION-study.

Methods: Logistic regression models were used to study factors proposed being associated with attendance in clinical follow-up. We used data from clinical examinations, questionnaires and national registers at a time-point near the follow-up examination.

Prospective Study of Neuropathic Symptoms Preceding Clinically Diagnosed Diabetic Polyneuropathy: ADDITION-Denmark.

Objective: To evaluate whether diabetic polyneuropathy (DPN) follows the hypothesis for the course of nerve fiber damage reflected by symptoms progressing from pure small through mixed to large nerve fiber symptoms with or without symptoms of loss of function of small nerve fibers.

Research Design And Methods: Repeated assessments of nerve fiber-specific symptoms were obtained in 518 participants of the ADDITION-Denmark study from the time of a screening-based diagnosis of type 2 diabetes using specific items of the Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument questionnaire. DPN was clinically assessed 13 years after inclusion.

Effect of duration and burden of microvascular complications on mortality rate in type 1 diabetes: an observational clinical cohort study.

Aims/hypothesis: The role of burden and duration of multiple microvascular complications on mortality rate has not been explored in detail in type 1 diabetes. Taking complication burden and time-updated duration into account we aimed to quantify mortality rate in individuals with and without microvascular complications.

Methods: This observational clinical cohort included 3828 individuals with type 1 diabetes attending the Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen in 2001-2013.

Development of Microvascular Complications and Effect of Concurrent Risk Factors in Type 1 Diabetes: A Multistate Model From an Observational Clinical Cohort Study.

Objective: Type 1 diabetes is a complex disease, and development of multiple complications over time can be analyzed only with advanced statistical methods. This study describes the development of microvascular complications and explores the effect of complication burden and important concurrent risk factors by applying a multistate model.

Research Design And Methods: We used a clinical cohort at the Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen to study the development of diabetic kidney disease, retinopathy, and neuropathy.

Risk-Factor Trajectories Preceding Diabetic Polyneuropathy: ADDITION-Denmark.

Objective: To study cardiometabolic risk-factor trajectories (in terms of levels and changes over time) preceding diabetic polyneuropathy (DPN) 13 years after a screen-detected diagnosis of type 2 diabetes.

Research Design And Methods: We clinically diagnosed DPN in a nested case-control study of 452 people in the Danish arm of the Anglo-Danish-Dutch Study of Intensive Treatment in People with Screen-Detected Diabetes in Primary Care (ADDITION). By linear regression models, we estimated preceding risk-factor trajectories during 13 years.

Prevalence and geographical distribution of insulin pump therapy in the Central Denmark Region and its association with metabolic parameters.

Aims: Insulin treatment in type 1 diabetes encompasses multiple daily insulin injections (MDI) or continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII). Both population-based studies and comparative studies regarding CSII use are sparse. The aim of the current study was to describe the prevalence and distribution of CSII use among adults with type 1 diabetes in the Central Denmark Region and to compare metabolic control in CSII-treated patients to those treated with MDI.

Clustering of microvascular complications in Type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Aims: To describe to what extent microvascular complications exhibit clustering in persons with Type 1 diabetes, and to assess whether the presence of one complication modified the strength of the association between the other two.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of the electronic medical records of 2276 persons with Type 1 diabetes treated in a specialized care hospital in Denmark in 2013. We used log-linear analysis to describe associations between diabetic kidney disease, neuropathy and retinopathy and logistic regression models to quantify the magnitude of associations adjusting for potential confounders.

Synchrotron powder diffraction of silicon: high-quality structure factors and electron density.

Crystalline silicon is an ideal compound to test the current state of experimental structure factors and corresponding electron densities. High-quality structure factors have been measured on crystalline silicon with synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction. They are in excellent agreement with benchmark Pendellösung data having comparable accuracy and precision, but acquired in far less time and to a much higher resolution (sin θ/λ < 1.