Able and willing: Infants selectively seek help from competent and benevolent others.

Young children often encounter unsolvable problems with which they require others' help. To receive adequate assistance, children must be savvy about whom they seek help from: Effective helpers must possess both the ability to help (e.g.

[Not Available].

Le 190 is a sexual health center in Paris founded in 2010. Its initial objective is to reduce the HIV/AIDS epidemic locally among men who have sex with men (MSM) through multidisciplinary support rooted in the reality of the sexuality and affective life of HIV-positive and HIV-negative MSM. Because of its constant concern for overall gay health and its community character, its activity has diversified and has enabled it to be a forerunner in both care and care pathways, on both the medical and regulatory aspects.

Is There a Reduction in Chemsex Practice in Men Who Have Sex With Men During COVID-19 Lockdown? Results of the CheRRLock Study.

Background And Aims: Chemsex is a growing concern among men who have sex with men (MSM). COVID-19 lockdowns have had consequences on social and sexual interactions. We aimed to assess changes in chemsex practices during COVID-19 lockdown in France among MSM and factors associated with maintaining or increasing chemsex practice.

Distribution of HIV self-tests by men who have sex with men attending a French sexual health centre: results of the OTO study.

Objectives: HIV self-tests (HSTs) have been deployed to reduce the burden of undiagnosed HIV infections in subpopulations undertested. We assumed that patients attending sexual health centres could themselves distribute HSTs in their close network. This study aimed to assess the proportion and the characteristics of the participants who distributed HSTs, as well as the characteristics of people who received HSTs.

En Bloc Resection of Thoracic Tumors Invading the Spine: A Single-Center Experience.

Background: Vertebral involvement by a thoracic tumor has long been considered as a limit to surgical treatment, and despite advances, such an invasive operation remains controversial. The aim of this study was to characterize a single-center cohort and to evaluate the outcome, focusing on survival and complications.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the data of all patients operated on for tumors involving the thoracic spine in an 8-year period.

Upper outer boundaries of the axillary dissection. Result of the SENTIBRAS protocol: Multicentric protocol using axillary reverse mapping in breast cancer patients requiring axillary dissection.

Background: Two thirds of node-positive breast cancer patients have limited pN1 disease and could benefit from a less extensive axillary lymph node dissection (ALND).

Methods: 172 breast cancers patients requiring an ALND were prospectively enrolled in the Sentibras Protocol of Axillary Reverse Mapping (ARM). Radioisotope was injected in the ipsilateral hand the day before surgery.

[Shall all lobular intraepithelial neoplasia diagnosed on image-guided biopsy require a surgical management?].

Objective: Lobular intraepithelial neoplasia (LIN) diagnosed on image-guided biopsy may be associated with an undiagnosed cancer. This is called under-diagnosis. The consequence is that management of these lesions is often surgical.

Prediction of axillary lymph node status in male breast carcinoma.

Background: To evaluate whether predictive factors of axillary lymph node metastasis in female breast cancer (BC) are similar in male BC.

Patients And Methods: From January 1994 to May 2011, we recorded 80 non-metastatic male BC treated at Institut Curie (IC). We analysed the calibration and discrimination performance of two nomograms [IC, Memorian Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC)] originally designed to predict axillary lymph node metastases in female BC.

Cost comparison of axillary sentinel lymph node detection and axillary lymphadenectomy in early breast cancer. A national study based on a prospective multi-institutional series of 985 patients 'on behalf of the Group of Surgeons from the French Unicancer Federation'.

Background: Our objective was to assess the global cost of the sentinel lymph node detection [axillary sentinel lymph node detection (ASLND)] compared with standard axillary lymphadenectomy [axillary lymph node dissection (ALND)] for early breast cancer patients.

Patients And Methods: We conducted a prospective, multi-institutional, observational, cost comparative analysis. Cost calculations were realized with the micro-costing method from the diagnosis until 1 month after the last surgery.

Obstructive sleep apnea among patients with retinal vein occlusion.

Objective: To evaluate the possible involvement of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in retinal vein occlusion (RVO).

Methods: From the medical records of 63 consecutive patients with RVO, 30 patients with 2 of the 3 following risk factors for OSA were selected for further screening from February 1, 2008, through March 31, 2009: associated cardiovascular disease, snoring, or daytime sleepiness.

Results: Of the 30 selected patients, 23 (77%) had OSA.

Is regional lymph node irradiation necessary in stage II to III breast cancer patients with negative pathologic node status after neoadjuvant chemotherapy?

Purpose: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) generally induces significant changes in the pathologic extent of disease. This potential down-staging challenges the standard indications of adjuvant radiation therapy. We assessed the utility of lymph node irradiation (LNI) in breast cancer (BC) patients with pathologic N0 status (pN0) after NAC and breast-conserving surgery (BCS).

[Retinal vein occlusion and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome].

Purpose: Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is a very common disease and has recently been increasingly incriminated in the initiation and progression of numerous cardiovascular, neurologic, and ophthalmologic diseases. In ophthalmologic practice, it may be related to glaucoma, nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy, visual field defects, papilledema, central serous chorioretinopathy, and floppy eyelid syndrome. Because of personal observations, we investigated its link with retinal vein occlusion (RVO).

Response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in lobular and ductal breast carcinomas: a retrospective study on 860 patients from one institution.

Background: We compared the impact of neoadjuvant chemotherapy on pathologic response and outcome in operable invasive lobular breast carcinoma (ILC) and invasive ductal breast carcinoma (IDC).

Patients And Methods: We extracted from our database all patients with pure invasive lobular (n=118, 14%) or pure invasive ductal carcinomas (n=742, 86%). Their treatment included neoadjuvant chemotherapy, adapted surgery, radiotherapy and adjuvant hormonal treatment.

Surgery after concurrent chemoradiotherapy and brachytherapy for the treatment of advanced cervical cancer: morbidity and outcome: results of a multicenter study of the GCCLCC (Groupe des Chirurgiens de Centre de Lutte Contre le Cancer).

Objectives: To evaluate the morbidity and therapeutic value of surgery after concurrent chemoradiotherapy and brachytherapy in a multicentric series of patients with advanced cervical cancer.

Methods: Patients with stage IB2 to IVA cervical cancer treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy and pelvic radiotherapy followed by brachytherapy and surgery from seven participating French comprehensive cancer centers were enrolled. The surgical treatment consisted of a hysterectomy, which ranged from radical hysterectomy to anterior pelvic exenteration, and lymph node resection.

Prefixed equimolar nitrous oxide and oxygen mixture reduces discomfort during flexible bronchoscopy in adult patients: a randomized, controlled, double-blind trial.

Study Objectives: Flexible bronchoscopy (FB) is an invasive procedure associated with patient discomfort and frequent nose pain. A simple sedation procedure that does not require the intervention of an anesthetist is of interest. The aim of this prospective, randomized, double-blind study was to assess efficiency of nitrous oxide inhalation on the reduction of FB-induced discomfort in adult patients.

[Axillary lymphadenectomy with muscular padding, without drainage].

Objective: Axillary padding without drainage appeared to be a valuable alternative technique to vacuum drainage. The technique employs local muscles or the axillary aponeurosis for padding. We report here the clinical evaluation of muscular padding without drainage.

Long-term mechanical ventilation with hygroscopic heat and moisture exchangers used for 48 hours: a prospective clinical, hygrometric, and bacteriologic study.

Objective: To determine whether use of a hygroscopic heat and moisture exchanger (HME) for 48 hrs without change affects its efficiency and the level of bacterial colonization in long-term mechanically ventilated medical intensive care unit patients.

Design: Prospective, randomized clinical study evaluating two hygroscopic HMEs.

Setting: Medical intensive care unit at a university teaching hospital.

Accuracy of delayed cultures of plugged telescoping catheter samples for diagnosing bacterial pneumonia.

Objective: It is not always feasible to culture immediately bacteriologic samples of protected pulmonary specimens on a 24-hr basis before starting antibiotic treatment. We have evaluated the effect of delaying the culture of immediate plugged telescoping catheter (PTC) samples performed before starting antibiotherapy.

Design: Prospective paired comparisons study.

Discontinuation of maintenance therapy for cytomegalovirus retinitis in HIV-infected patients receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy.

Objective: To study the safety of discontinuing cytomegalovirus (CMV) maintenance therapy among patients with cured CMV retinitis receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART).

Methods: Patients with a history of CMV retinitis who were receiving anti-CMV maintenance therapy and who had a CD4 cell count > 75 x 10(6) cells/l and a plasma HIV RNA level < 30000 copies/ml while on HAART were included in a multicentre prospective study. Maintenance therapy for CMV retinitis was discontinued at enrolment and all the patients were monitored for 48 weeks by ophthalmological examinations and by determination of CMV markers, CD4 cell counts and plasma HIV RNA levels.

[Breast cancer: prognostic value of a dissemination index based on 4 components of the urokinase-type plasminogen activator system].

Among the proteases involved in the tumor invasion process, components of the plasminogen activator system (plasminogen activator type-urokinase uPA, its membrane receptor uPAR and its two inhibitors PAI-1 and PAI-2) appear to define high risk patients in primary breast cancer. As individual analysis of each component of the plasminogen activator system does not reflect the complex interactions between the different components, we studied the prognostic impact of a dissemination risk index combining the four variables. We found that this index was the most powerful prognostic factor, particularly in node-negative patients.

Helicobacter cinaedi septic arthritis and bacteremia in an immunocompetent patient.

We report on the first case of documented Helicobacter cinaedi septic arthritis in an immunocompetent heterosexual young man. The patient presented no identified risk factor except for contact with animals that have been incriminated as a possible source of infection, particularly for these patients. Despite prolonged bacteremia, the response to long-term therapy with ciprofloxacin and rifampin was excellent.

Efficiency and safety of mechanical ventilation with a heat and moisture exchanger changed only once a week.

The cost of mechanical ventilation (MV) is high. Efforts to reduce this cost, as long as they are not detrimental for the patients, are needed. MV with heat and moisture exchangers (HME) changed every 48 h is safe, efficient, and cost-effective.

Dissemination risk index based on plasminogen activator system components in primary breast cancer.

Purpose: To study interactions between disease-free survival (DFS) and four components of the plasminogen activator system: urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA), its two inhibitors (PAI-1 and PAI-2), and its membrane receptor uPAR.

Patients And Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of 499 primary breast cancer patients (median follow-up, 6 years). uPA, PAI-1, and PAI-2 were determined on cytosols and uPAR on solubilized pellets, using enzyme-linked immunoadsorbent assay kits (American Diagnostica, Greenwich, CT).

Practical recommendations for the drug treatment of bacterial infections of the male genital tract including urethritis, epididymitis and prostatitis.

Bacterial infections of the male genital tract in young men (<35 years old) are primarily caused by sexually transmissible bacteria like Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae but also Mycoplasma or Haemophilus spp. In men aged over 35 years, Enterobacteriaceae are more frequently involved in urethritis, epididymitis and prostatitis. The traditional treatments suggested like tetracyclines or erythromycin are less effective since bacterial resistance is increasingly frequent, particularly in N.