Prevalence and Correlates of Likely Anxiety Disorder in Ghana During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Evidence From a Cross-Sectional Online Survey.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic created stressors to daily living, leading to increased mental health problems. It is important to assess the influence of COVID-19 pandemic on mental health, specifically anxiety.

Objectives: The goal was to determine the prevalence and sociodemographic, clinical, and other correlates of likely Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) among study subjects in Ghana.

Prevalence and Correlates of Likely Major Depressive Disorder among the Adult Population in Ghana during the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Background: Emerging research suggests that the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic and associated public health restrictions have caused psychological distress in many contexts. In order for public health authorities and policy makers to effectively address the psychological distress associated with the pandemic, it is important to determine the prevalence and correlates of mental disorders, including depression.

Objectives: We aimed to determine the prevalence, and demographic, social, clinical and other COVID-19 related correlates of major depressive disorder symptoms among the general population in Ghana during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Adherence to smoke-free policies in Ghana: Findings from a cross-sectional survey of hospitality venue owners and staff.

Introduction: Implementation of and compliance with smoke-free policies (SFPs) can be problematic in many low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) due to limited resources. This study evaluated knowledge, opinions and compliance related to Ghana's SFPs among owners and staff of hospitality venues by city, staff designation, and venue type.

Methods: A cross-sectional study design was used in venue types including hotels, bars, pubs and restaurants in the three cities of Kumasi, Accra, and Tamale, in Ghana.

An Analysis of the Application of the Harmony Search Algorithm to Solving the Nurse Rostering Problem.

The nurse rostering problem describes the task of distributing nurses over working time slots, called shifts, in such a way that the workforce demand for each shift in a scheduling period is met, while ensuring that each nurse is not overttasked or undertasked. This problem is a major issue in Ghana, which this research aims to tackle. To that end, the performance of a heuristic algorithm that showed promise, called the Harmony Search algorithm, is examined.

Use of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) in the Management of Diagnostic Uncertainty in Low-Resource Settings: A Case Report of Cesarean Ectopic Pregnancy in a Tertiary Hospital in Ghana.

BACKGROUND Low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) account for the overwhelming majority of maternal deaths worldwide. Cesarean section rates have increased globally over the last 10 years, including in LMICs, and are an important intervention to decrease neonatal and maternal mortality. However, cesarean sections also contribute to increased complications in subsequent pregnancies, including invasive placentation and cesarean scar ectopic pregnancies (CSEP).

Exposure to secondhand smoke in hospitality settings in Ghana: Evidence of changes since implementation of smoke-free legislation.

Introduction: Ghana has a partial smoking ban with smoking allowed in designated smoking areas. Studies evaluating smoke-free laws are scarce in Sub-Saharan Africa. Evaluation of smoke-free laws is an effective means of measuring progress towards a smoke-free society.

Discovery of inhibitors of cell adhesion molecule expression in human endothelial cells. 1. Selective inhibition of ICAM-1 and E-selectin expression.

A critical early event in the inflammatory cascade is the induced expression of cell adhesion molecules on the lumenal surface of vascular endothelial cells. These adhesion molecules include E-selectin, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1, which serve to recruit circulating leukocytes to the site of the inflammation. These adhesive interactions allow the leukocytes to firmly adhere to and cross the vascular endothelium and migrate to the site of tissue injury.