Cyanobacterial blooms in surface waters - Nature-based solutions, cyanotoxins and their biotransformation products.

Cyanobacterial blooms are expected to become more frequent and severe in surface water reservoirs due to climate change and ecosystem degradation. It is an emerging challenge that especially countries relying on surface water supplies will face. Nature-based solutions (NBS) like constructed wetlands and biofilters can be used for cyanotoxin remediation.

Microbial biofilm metabolization of benzalkonium compounds (benzyl dimethyl dodecyl ammonium & benzyl dimethyl tetradecyl ammonium chloride).

Benzalkonium chlorides (BACs) are quaternary ammonium compounds (QUATs) that are used as biocides. The degradation of these compounds in wastewater treatment plants is essential to reduce their spread into the environment and thus prevent the development of QUAT-resistant genes. The biodegradation of two BACs (BAC-12 and BAC-14) was investigated in moving bed biofilm reactors (MBBRs).

Effects and clinical feasibility of a behavioral treatment for sleep problems in adult attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): a pragmatic within-group pilot evaluation.

Background: Sleep disturbances, including insomnia, are common in adult Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Treatment of choice for insomnia is cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT-i), but evidence is lacking for CBT-i in patients with ADHD. The purpose of this study was to investigate if patients with insomnia and other sleep problems, at a specialist clinic for ADHD, benefit from a group delivered behavioral treatment based on CBT-i; whether insomnia severity improves following this treatment.

Four-year outcome of randomly assigned lifestyle treatments in primary care of children with obesity.

Aim: To assess the four-year outcome in children with obesity randomised to one of two 12-month lifestyle treatment programmes in primary care.

Methods: At baseline, 64 children with obesity aged 8.0-13.

Automated detection of changes in patient exposure in digital projection radiography using exposure index from DICOM header metadata.

Purpose: Automated collection of image data from DICOM headers enables monitoring of patient dose and image quality parameters. Manual monitoring is time consuming, owing to the large number of exposure scenarios, thus automated methods for monitoring needs to be investigated. The aim of the present work was to develop and optimise such a method.

Heavy-resistance training in older Scandinavian men and women: short- and long-term effects on arm and leg muscles.

The short- and long-term effects of heavy-resistance training (85% of one-repetition maximum (RM)) on elbow flexion and knee extension dynamic and isokinetic strength and on morphology in the biceps brachii and vastus lateralis muscles were evaluated during 1 year in 35 Scandinavian men and women, aged 70-77 years, 12 of whom formed a control group. After the first 11 weeks of training (n = 23; 3 times/week) elbow flexion and knee extension dynamic strength (1 RM) had increased [mean +/- SD] 49% +/- 16 and 163% +/- 75, respectively, with no significant difference between men and women. For the following 27 weeks, strength was maintained with one training session per week (n = 12) but dropped without training (n = 11).

Well-being and treatment satisfaction in adults with diabetes: a Swedish population-based study.

In order to implement the St Vincent Declaration programme, instruments for quality assurance of medical outcomes as well as measures of psychological outcomes of diabetes care had to be developed. This paper presents baseline values for three questionnaires measuring psychological Well-being, Treatment Satisfaction and General Health among a representative sample of adult people with diabetes in Sweden consisting of 423 individuals of which 153 were insulin treated and 270 were diet/tablet-treated. Cronbach's alpha indicated that each of the Well-being and Treatment Satisfaction subscales was internally reliable, alphas ranging from 0.

Administration of vitamin K to newborn infants and childhood cancer.

Objectives: To investigate whether childhood cancer is associated with intramuscular administration of vitamin K to newborn infants.

Design: Routines for administration of vitamin K to infants born after normal deliveries during 1973-89 were obtained from maternity hospitals. Occurrence of cancer up to the end of 1991 was identified by comparing these records with the national cancer registry.

Childhood mortality in relation to nutritional status and water supply--a prospective study from rural Malawi.

In connection with the introduction of an improved method of water supply in rural Malawi, the nutritional status, morbidity, and mortality among 1,178 children under five were studied during three rainy and three dry seasons. Data were collected at fortnightly home interviews. Nutritional assessment was made twice a year.

Home blood glucose monitoring in diabetic children and adolescents. A 3-year feasibility study.

In order to elucidate the question whether blood glucose monitoring should replace glucosuria testing in childhood diabetes 160 diabetic children and adolescents were invited to participate in a feasibility study on home blood glucose testing. Seventeen girls and 15 boys with an age of 4-21 years and duration of diabetes for 0.3-18.

The epidemiology of diabetes in Swedish children 0-14 years--a six-year prospective study.

Since 1 July 1977, all newly diagnosed diabetic children in Sweden aged 0-14 years have been reported to a central register. During the first 6 years, 2300 newly diagnosed diabetic children out of a population of 1.6 million children were registered.

Urinary tract infection in children with type I diabetes.

The prevalence and incidence of bacteriuria in 304 girls and 337 boys with type I diabetes was studied by screening for bacteriuria at their regular outpatient controls. In 90 girls and 108 boys a urine specimen was sampled every third month during a year. The prevalence of bacteriuria was 3/304 in girls and 0/337 in boys.