Acute Reactions to Gadolinium-Based Contrast Agents in a Pediatric Cohort: A Retrospective Study of 16,237 Injections.

Incidences and risk factors for acute reactions to gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) are not fully understood, particularly in pediatric patients. The purpose of this study was to retrospectively examine allergiclike and physiologic acute reactions in pediatric patients who receive GBCAs for MRI examinations. The study cohort consisted of all pediatric patients (age < 18 years old) who underwent an MRI examination with a GBCA at our institution from June 1, 2009, to May 9, 2017.

Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk Stratification Based on Measurements of Troponin and Coronary Artery Calcium.

Background: Low values of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin (hs-cTn) and coronary artery calcium (CAC) scores of zero are associated with a low risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD).

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate baseline hs-cTnT and CAC in relation to ASCVD.

Methods: Baseline hs-cTnT (limit of detection [LoD] 3 ng/l) and CAC measurements were analyzed across participants age 45 to 84 years without clinical cardiovascular disease from the prospective MESA (Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis) in relationship to incident ASCVD.

Food Insecurity, Diet Quality, Home Food Availability, and Health Risk Behaviors Among Emerging Adults: Findings From the EAT 2010-2018 Study.

To examine emerging adults' experiences of food insecurity in relation to measures of diet quality, food literacy, home food availability, and health behaviors. We used EAT 2010-2018 (Eating and Activity over Time) study data on 1568 participants who completed surveys as adolescents in 2009 to 2010 and follow-up surveys in 2017 to 2018 (mean age = 22.0 ±2.

An Atypical Presentation of Spontaneous Coronary Artery Dissection.

Spontaneous coronary artery dissection is a rare form of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) resulting from tears in the coronary vessel lumen leading to myocardial ischemia. Historically, younger to middle-aged Caucasian females without traditional risk factors for ACS are most commonly affected. The authors present the case of an African American female with numerous traditional ACS risk factors who presented to the emergency department with chest pain.

Household food insecurity: associations with disordered eating behaviours and overweight in a population-based sample of adolescents.

Objective: To examine how household food insecurity is related to adolescent weight status and disordered eating.

Design: Cross-sectional, population-based study. Adolescents self-reported unhealthy weight control behaviours, binge eating and meal frequency; weight status was measured.

Experiences of weight stigma and links with self-compassion among a population-based sample of young adults from diverse ethnic/racial and socio-economic backgrounds.

Objective: This study examines weight stigma experiences in a population-based sample of young adults from diverse ethnic/racial and socio-economic backgrounds, and explores cross-sectional associations between weight stigma and self-compassion, including gender differences in this relationship.

Methods: Data come from EAT 2018, a population-based study of weight and related behaviors in young adults (N = 1523, mean age = 22 years, 53.5% females).

Nutritional problems in childhood and adolescence: a narrative review of identified disparities.

To inform programmes and policies that promote health equity, it is essential to monitor the distribution of nutritional problems among young individuals. Common nutritional problems include overall low diet quality, the underconsumption and overconsumption of certain dietary components, unhealthy meal and snack patterns, problematic feeding practices and disordered eating. The objective of the present narrative review was to summarise recent evidence of disparities among US children (2-19 years) according to age, sex, socio-economic status, ethnicity/race and rural-urban location.

Sex Differences in Associations Between CYP2D6 Phenotypes and Response to Opioid Analgesics.

Background: Several small studies have previously investigated associations between the cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6) metabolism and response to opioids. We used a large sample of patients to study associations between CYP2D6 phenotypes and estimated CYP2D6 enzymatic activity scores with pain control and adverse reactions related to codeine and tramadol use. We conducted additional analyses to determine whether our results were consistent among men and women.

Association of Circulating Hepatocyte Growth Factor and Risk of Incident Peripheral Artery Disease: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis.

Higher levels of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) have been associated with the presence of peripheral arterial disease (PAD), but prospective associations are unknown. We examined the association of circulating HGF levels with incident PAD. Between 2000 and 2002, HGF was measured in 6742 Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis participants without PAD.

Characteristics Associated With Recruitment and Re-contact in Mayo Clinic Biobank.

To better understand the characteristics associated with a participant's willingness to consent to the Mayo Clinic Biobank (MCB) and examine factors associated with willingness to participate in follow-up studies embedded within MCB that require re-contact and participant approval. Consent rates were compared across patient demographics to the MCB. Rates of participation to follow-up studies were also compared across demographics and request types.

Intuitive eating longitudinally predicts better psychological health and lower use of disordered eating behaviors: findings from EAT 2010-2018.

Purpose: To examine longitudinal associations of intuitive eating (IE), defined as eating according to internal hunger and satiety cues, with psychological health outcomes and disordered eating behaviors.

Methods: Data from a diverse sample of 1491 participants (54.1% female, 19.

Quantitative Knee Arthrography in a Large Animal Model of Osteoarthritis Using Photon-Counting Detector CT.

Objective: The aim of this study was to grade cartilage damage in a swine model of osteoarthritis using a whole-body photon-counting detector (PCD) CT.

Materials And Methods: A multienergy phantom containing gadolinium (Gd) (2, 4, 8, and 16 mg/mL) and hydroxyapatite (200 and 400 mg/cc) was scanned using a PCD-CT system (48 × 0.25 mm collimation, 80 kV, 800 mAs, D50 reconstruction kernel) to serve as calibration for material decomposition and to assess quantification accuracy.

Challenging the "static" quo: Trajectories of engagement in team processes toward a deadline.

Although team effectiveness research has advanced our understanding of team processes, much of this research has been based on static methodologies, despite the recognition that team processes change over time. Thus, the purpose of this article is to advance the team dynamics literature by developing and testing a theoretical account of team engagement in processes toward a deadline. We theorize about team process trajectories, which we suggest is the form of process change over time (i.

Terpenoid-Induced Feeding Deterrence and Antennal Response of Honey Bees.

Multiple interacting stressors negatively affect the survival and productivity of managed honey bee colonies. Pesticides remain a primary concern for beekeepers, as even sublethal exposures can reduce bee immunocompetence, impair navigation, and reduce social communication. Pollinator protection focuses on pesticide application guidelines; however, a more active protection strategy is needed.

Do Parents Perceive That Organized Activities Interfere with Family Meals? Associations between Parent Perceptions and Aspects of the Household Eating Environment.

Background: Research has related child participation in organized activities to health and academic benefits; however, participation may interfere with family meals.

Objective: Examine whether parents perceive child participation in organized activities to interfere with family meals and how perceptions are related to the household eating environment.

Design: A cross-sectional analysis was completed using survey data collected in 2015-2016 as part of the Project EAT (Eating and Activity in Teens and Young Adults) cohort study.

Necrotic Fibroid Mimicking Ovarian Torsion in a Second Trimester of Pregnancy.

Uterine fibroids are incredibly common, benign smooth muscle tumors which range in severity of symptoms from asymptomatic to debilitating. While pain is frequently a symptom, degeneration and necrosis of uterine fibroids can rarely present as acute abdomen. The authors present the case of a pregnant female at 19 weeks' gestation, whose clinical and radiographic presentation mimicked that of ovarian torsion, ultimately requiring exploratory laparoscopy for definitive diagnosis.

Do High School Students Participate in Second Chance Breakfast Programs?

Background: Breakfast consumption often decreases as youth get older. The School Breakfast Program (SBP) provides an opportunity to intervene and increase breakfast consumption, especially among high school students.

Methods: Project breakFAST implemented an expanded breakfast service at 12 high schools.

CpGtools: a python package for DNA methylation analysis.

Motivation: DNA methylation can be measured at the single CpG level using sodium bisulfite conversion of genomic DNA followed by sequencing or array hybridization. Many analytic tools have been developed, yet there is still a high demand for a comprehensive and multifaceted tool suite to analyze, annotate, QC and visualize the DNA methylation data.

Results: We developed the CpGtools package to analyze DNA methylation data generated from bisulfite sequencing or Illumina methylation arrays.

Young adult nutrition and weight correlates of picky eating during childhood.

Objective: To identify whether picky eating during childhood is associated with dietary intake, weight status and disordered eating behaviour during young adulthood.

Design: A population-based study using data from young adults who responded online or by mail to the third wave of the Project EAT (Eating and Activity in Teens and Young Adults) study in 2008-2009. Participants retrospectively reported the extent to which they were a picky eater in childhood, sociodemographic characteristics, disordered eating behaviours, usual dietary intake, and weight and height.

Effects of spaceflight on the mouse submandibular gland.

Objective: This study was conducted to determine if the morphology and biochemistry of the mouse submandibular gland is affected by microgravity and the spaceflight environment.

Design: Tissues from female mice flown on the US space shuttle missions Space Transportation System (STS)-131 and STS-135 for 15 and 13 d, respectively, and from male mice flown on the 30 d Russian Bion-M1 biosatellite, were examined using transmission electron microscopy and light and electron microscopic immunohistochemistry.

Results: In contrast to the parotid gland, morphologic changes were not apparent in the submandibular gland.

Hacking teamwork in health care: Addressing adverse effects of ad hoc team composition in critical care medicine.

Background: The continued need for improved teamwork in all areas of health care is widely recognized. The present article reports on the application of a hackathon to the teamwork problems specifically associated with ad hoc team formation in rapid response teams.

Purposes: Hackathons-problem-solving events pioneered in computer science-are on the rise in health care management.

Coverage profile correction of shallow-depth circulating cell-free DNA sequencing via multidistance learning.

Shallow-depth whole-genome sequencing (WGS) of circulating cell-free DNA (ccfDNA) is a popular approach for non-invasive genomic screening assays, including liquid biopsy for early detection of invasive tumors as well as non-invasive prenatal screening (NIPS) for common fetal trisomies. In contrast to nuclear DNA WGS, ccfDNA WGS exhibits extensive inter- and intra- sample coverage variability that is not fully explained by typical sources of variation in WGS, such as GC content. This variability may inflate false positive and false negative screening rates of copy-number alterations and aneuploidy, particularly if these features are present at a relatively low proportion of total sequenced content.

Subdural Empyema in an Immunocompetent Active Duty Soldier: A Case Report.

Intracranial subdural empyema is a rare clinical entity with incidence estimates of 0.1 per 100,000 people. The condition is most often the sequela of a primary infection elsewhere and carries a high morbidity and mortality.

Comparison of Polysorbate 80 Hydrolysis and Oxidation on the Aggregation of a Monoclonal Antibody.

Polysorbates are used ubiquitously in protein therapeutic drugs to help minimize adsorption to surfaces and aggregation. It has been recognized that polysorbate can itself degrade and in turn result in loss of efficacy of therapeutic proteins. We studied the 2 main pathways of polysorbate 80 (PS80) degradation, enzymatic ester hydrolysis, and oxidation.

Does adherence to child care nutrition and physical activity best practices differ by child care provider's participation in support programs and training?

Introduction: To date, gaps exist in our understanding of how child care provider participation in various support programs is associated with the reported implementation of nutrition and physical activity best practices by child care providers. Thus, the purpose of the current study was to compare implementation of nutrition and physical activity best practices among child care providers engaged in the Child and Adult Food Care Program (CACFP), Parent AWARE, and other training opportunities, to implementation among providers who do not participate in each of these opportunities.

Methods: Cross-sectional analysis of survey data collected from a stratified-random sample of licensed family-home and center-based child care settings (Family-homes n=394; Centers n= 224) in XXX from Month-Month 20XX.