Risk of cancer in patients with bile acid diarrhoea: a Danish nationwide matched cohort study.

Objective: Bile acid diarrhoea is a common cause of chronic diarrhoea. Increased levels of potentially carcinogenic bile acids in faeces, theoretically, may increase the risk of colorectal cancer in particular, but the long-term disease course is unknown. We aimed to investigate the overall and site-specific cancer risk in bile acid diarrhoea.

Number of intraepithelial lymphocytes and presence of a subepithelial band in normal colonic mucosa differs according to stainings and evaluation method.

Chronic watery diarrhea is a frequent symptom. In approximately 10% of the patients, a diagnosis of microscopic colitis (MC) is established. The diagnosis relies on specific, but sometimes subtle, histopathological findings.

Efficacy and safety of colesevelam for the treatment of bile acid diarrhoea: a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 4 clinical trial.

Background: Bile acid diarrhoea is a common but overlooked cause of chronic watery diarrhoea. Plasma 7α-hydroxy-4-cholesten-3-one (C4) is an alternative to the gold standard tauroselcholic [Se] acid (SeHCAT) test. Low-certainty evidence supports sequestrant treatment, including colesevelam.

Autoimmune diseases in microscopic colitis: A Danish nationwide case-control study.

Background: The association between autoimmune diseases and microscopic colitis remains uncertain.

Aims: To describe the association between autoimmune diseases and microscopic colitis by using a matched case-control design based on nationwide registry data.

Methods: All adult Danish patients with a diagnosis of microscopic colitis from 2001 to 2018 were identified from nationwide registries.

The Process of Developing a Disease Activity Index in Microscopic Colitis.

Background And Aims: Patient-reported outcome measures [PROMs] aim to measure patients' perception of how their disorder influences everyday functioning. The objective of this study was to develop a PROM to assess disease activity in microscopic colitis [MC] fulfilling the requirements of the Food and Drug Administration [FDA].

Methods: The European Microscopic Colitis Activity Index [E-MCAI] was developed in four steps.

Budesonide as induction therapy for incomplete microscopic colitis: A randomised, placebo-controlled multicentre trial.

Background And Aims: Incomplete microscopic colitis (MCi) is a subtype of microscopic colitis (MC). Budesonide is recommended as a first-line treatment for MC. However, randomised trials on efficacy of treatment in MCi are missing.

Histological disease activity in patients with microscopic colitis is not related to clinical disease activity or long-term prognosis.

Background: Microscopic colitis (MC) is a common cause of chronic watery diarrhea. Biopsies with characteristic histological features are crucial for establishing the diagnosis. The two main subtypes are collagenous colitis (CC) and lymphocytic colitis (LC) but incomplete forms exist.

Quantifying intraepithelial lymphocytes and subepithelial collagen band in microscopic colitis, extracting insights into the interrelationship of lymphocytic and collagenous colitis.

Microscopic colitis (MC) is the umbrella term for the conditions termed lymphocytic colitis (LC) and collagenous colitis (CC). LC with thickening of the subepithelial collagen band or CC with increased number of intraepithelial T- lymphocytes (IELs) is often seen in MC and may lead to difficulties in correct histological classification. We investigated the extent of overlapping features of CC and LC in 60 cases of MC by measuring the exact thickness of the subepithelial collagen band in Van Gieson stained slides and quantifying number of IELs in CD3 stained slides by digital image analysis.

[Healing of severe morbus Crohn-related pyoderma gangrenosum after colectomy].

This case report describes a patient with colonic Crohn's disease and perianal disease. The patient experienced extensive and severe pyoderma gangrenosum after colectomy. Steroids and anti-inflammatory medication had no effect on pyoderma or the persistent perianal and rectal disease.

European guidelines on microscopic colitis: United European Gastroenterology and European Microscopic Colitis Group statements and recommendations.

Introduction: Microscopic colitis is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease characterised by normal or almost normal endoscopic appearance of the colon, chronic watery, nonbloody diarrhoea and distinct histological abnormalities, which identify three histological subtypes, the collagenous colitis, the lymphocytic colitis and the incomplete microscopic colitis. With ongoing uncertainties and new developments in the clinical management of microscopic colitis, there is a need for evidence-based guidelines to improve the medical care of patients suffering from this disorder.

Methods: Guidelines were developed by members from the European Microscopic Colitis Group and United European Gastroenterology in accordance with the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation II instrument.

Physiological Genetics Reformed: Bridging the Genome-to-Phenome Gap by Coherent Chemical Fingerprints - the Global Coordinator.

Forward-focused molecular genetics is successfully framing DNA diversity and mapping primary gene functions. However, abandoning the classic Linnaean fingerprint link between the phenome and genome by suppressing gene interaction (pleiotropy), has resulted in a genome-to-phenome gap and poor utilization of molecular data. We demonstrate how to bridge this gap by using an example of a barley mutant seed model, where pleiotropy is observed as covarying global molecular patterns that define each endosperm.

Course of Disease in Patients with Microscopic Colitis: A European Prospective Incident Cohort Study.

Background And Aims: The disease course of microscopic colitis [MC] is considered chronic but benign. However, this assumption is based on mainly retrospective studies, reporting on incomplete follow-up of selective cohorts. Systematic, prospective and unbiased data to inform patients and healthcare professionals on the expected course of the disease and real-life response to therapy are warranted.

Distribution of histopathological features along the colon in microscopic colitis.

Purpose: The diagnosis microscopic colitis (MC) consisting of collagenous colitis (CC) and lymphocytic colitis (LC) relies on histological assessment of mucosal biopsies from the colon. The optimal biopsy strategy for reliable diagnosis of MC is controversial. The aim of this study was to evaluate the distribution of histopathological features of MC throughout the colon.

Biochemical Diagnosis of Bile Acid Diarrhea: Prospective Comparison With the 75Seleno-Taurohomocholic Acid Test.

Introduction: The diagnosis of bile acid diarrhea is often missed because the availability of the seleno-taurohomocholic acid (SeHCAT) test is limited. We aimed to compare the biomarkers 7α-hydroxy-4-cholesten-3-one (C4) and fibroblast growth factor 19 (FGF19) with the SeHCAT test.

Methods: Patients with chronic diarrhea without intestinal resection referred for SeHCAT were prospectively recruited for this diagnostic accuracy study.

Topographical distribution of microscopic colitis and the importance of orientation of paraffin-embedded biopsies.

The diagnosis of microscopic colitis (MC) relies on specific histopathological findings in colon biopsies. The number of biopsies needed to diagnose MC remains disputed. The aim of the study was to determine the number and site of biopsies necessary for the diagnosis and the effect of perpendicular orientation when embedding the biopsies.

All-cause and cause-specific mortality in microscopic colitis: a Danish nationwide matched cohort study.

Background: The long-term natural history of microscopic colitis remains uncertain.

Aim: To describe the mortality in a large unselected cohort of patients with microscopic colitis.

Methods: All Danish patients above 18 years with an incident diagnosis of microscopic colitis from 2001 to 2018 were identified from nationwide registries and compared to age- and sex-matched controls (variable 1:10 ratio).

An investigation of European pathologists' approach to diagnose microscopic colitis.

Microscopic colitis (MC) comprising lymphocytic colitis (LC), collagenous colitis (CC) and the incomplete forms of microscopic colitis (MCi) are frequent causes of chronic watery diarrhea. The diagnosis is based on specific histological features in colonic biopsies. Especially regarding MCi, the histological features may be subtle.