Publications by authors named "Lars Kober"
Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is frequently complicated by arrhythmias, plausibly leading to the increased risk of sudden cardiac death in this population. However, little is known about the association between CKD and third-degree atrioventricular block (3AVB) and need for permanent pacing.
Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the association between CKD and 3AVB.
Purpose: Bacteremia is a well-known complication to surgery and may result in infective endocarditis (IE). Transurethral resection of the prostate (TUR-P) may give rise to bacteremia, but the associated risk of IE is not well described. We aimed to examine risk of infective endocarditis following TUR-P.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAims: The temporal changes in clinical profiles and outcomes of high-risk myocardial infarction survivors enrolled in clinical trials are poorly described. This study compares mortality rates, baseline characteristics, and the prognostic impact of therapies among participants of the VALIANT and PARADISE-MI trials.
Methods And Results: Exclusively VALIANT participants who matched the inclusion criteria of the PARADISE-MI trial were included in the analysis.
Aims: The relationship between body mass index (BMI) and clinical outcomes in patients with cardiovascular disease, including acute heart failure (AHF) and acute myocardial infarction (AMI), remains debated. This study investigates the association between BMI and clinical outcomes within the PARADISE-MI cohort, while also evaluating the impact of angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor (ARNI) versus angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACE-I) treatment on this relationship.
Methods And Results: The analysis included 5589 patients from the PARADISE-MI study with available baseline BMI data.
Background: Little is known about long-term outcomes beyond survival following acute aortic dissection. The aim of this research was to evaluate rates of home care initiation and nursing home admission during the first year after discharge and to assess factors associated with these needs.
Methods: All patients in Denmark with a first-time diagnosis of acute aortic dissection type A or B between 2006 and 2015 were identified using national registries.
Background: There is a paucity of data on the prognostic impact of thyroid dysfunction in patients with heart failure (HF). We aimed to examine the association between these two conditions in a nationwide cohort of patients with HF.
Methods: This Danish cohort study evaluated the thyroid function of patients diagnosed with first-time HF from 2000-2021.
Aims: Although certain autoimmune diseases (AIDs) have been associated with an increased rate of heart failure (HF), data on the long-term rate of HF across the spectrum of AIDs are lacking. We investigated the long-term rate of HF in individuals with a history of 28 different AIDs.
Methods And Results: Individuals diagnosed with an AID (2000-2021) were identified through Danish nationwide registries.
Background: Despite evidence demonstrating that influenza vaccination is associated with reduced risk of cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality in individuals with diabetes mellitus (DM), vaccine uptake remains suboptimal.
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of electronically delivered nudges on influenza vaccine uptake according to the presence of DM status versus other chronic diseases.
Methods: NUDGE-FLU-CHRONIC was a nationwide, randomized, pragmatic implementation trial among younger and middle-aged (18-64 years) Danish citizens with chronic disease during the 2023/2024 influenza season.
Article Synopsis
- * A study utilizing Danish registries analyzed 4,748 patients with infective endocarditis before and after the POET trial publication, examining changes in hospital length of stay (LOS) and outcomes like mortality and relapse of bacteremia.
- * Results showed a significant decrease in median LOS by 8 days post-POET publication, with no significant change in mortality rates but a notable reduction in relapse of bacteremia from 3.5% to 1.6%.
Background And Objectives: Transient ischemic attack (TIA) is associated with a higher short-term incidence of stroke. However, long-term data on this association are lacking. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the long-term incidence of ischemic stroke after TIA according to ABCD score and to identify factors associated with stroke after TIA.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground And Aims: Individuals with heart failure (HF), other forms of cardiovascular disease, or kidney disease are at increased risk for the development and adverse health effects of diabetes. As such, prevention or delay of diabetes is an important treatment priority in these groups. The aim of this meta-analysis was to determine the effect of sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) on incident diabetes in HF across the spectrum of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and across the broader spectrum of cardiovascular or kidney disease.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- The study focuses on the significance of influenza vaccination in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and evaluates methods to enhance vaccine uptake among this high-risk group.
- The research consists of three nationwide randomized clinical trials conducted in Denmark that tested the effectiveness of electronically delivered behavioral nudges against usual care in increasing vaccination rates among AMI patients.
- The primary outcome measured was the rate of influenza vaccinations received, with findings suggesting that these behavioral nudges could potentially improve vaccination uptake in the targeted population.
Article Synopsis
- * In a study with 679 women with prior preeclampsia and 672 controls, the prevalence of left ventricular hypertrophy was found to be significantly higher (14.0% vs. 6.4%) in those who had preeclampsia.
- * Chronic hypertension partially contributes to this increased risk, with findings showing that it explained 22% of the association, but preeclampsia independently remains a significant factor for future heart
Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction is a syndrome consisting of symptoms (dyspnoea, fatigue, swelling) and/or signs of congestion (pulmonary crackles, oedema). It is caused by structural and/or functional pathologies, most commonly ischaemic heart disease, entailing elevated cardiac filling pressures and can result in low cardiac output. Medical treatment has evolved during the recent decades as outlined in this review, and a 4-pillar treatment strategy is recommended including a renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system blocker or sacubitril/valsartan, a betablocker, a mineralocorticoid antagonist, and an SGLT2 inhibitor.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAims: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is associated with heart failure (HF). However, it is unclear if postoperative AF (POAF) following non-cardiac surgery differs from non-surgical AF in terms of the risk of HF. We compared the long-term rate of incident HF in patients developing new-onset POAF following non-cardiac surgery with patients who did not develop POAF following non-cardiac surgery and patients with non-surgical non-valvular AF (NVAF).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAims: Iron deficiency (ID) is prevalent in chronic heart failure (HF) but lacks a consensus definition. This study evaluates the prevalence and the prognostic impact of ID using different criteria on all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, as well as first hospitalization for HF in patients with new-onset chronic HF.
Methods: In this nationwide registry-based cohort, we explored four definitions of ID: the current European Society of Cardiology (ESC) guidelines [ferritin <100 ng/mL or ferritin 100-299 ng/mL and transferrin saturation (TSAT) <20%], ferritin level <100 ng/mL, TSAT < 20% and serum iron ≤13 μmol/L.
Risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in patients with classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) undergoing contemporary treatment is unclear. cHL patients ≥ 18 years at diagnosis treated with doxorubicin-containing chemotherapy between 2000 and 2022 were matched 1:5 with comparators on birth year, sex, and Charlson Comorbidity Index at time of matching (score of 0 or ≥ 1). Cause-specific cumulative incidence of a composite of CVDs with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were computed with death and lymphoma relapse as competing events (i.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: For aromatase inhibitor treatment (AIT) in breast cancer, there is an unresolved concern about ischaemic cardiotoxicity. We investigated the association between AIT and ischaemic cardiotoxicity in a prospective cohort of female patients with early breast cancer who received contemporary treatment in Denmark.
Methods: In this prospective cohort study in Denmark, we identified postmenopausal patients of any age diagnosed with breast cancer as recorded in the nationwide Danish Breast Cancer Cooperative Group (DBCG) clinical database between Jan 1, 2009, and Dec 31, 2020, and linked them to other nationwide registries.
Background: Patients with psychiatric disorders have increased all-cause mortality compared with the general population. Previous research has shown that there is a fourfold increased risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD) among the young.
Objective: To investigate the incidence of SCD in patients with psychiatric disorders aged 18-90 years in the Danish population by systematically reviewing all deaths in 1 year.
To examine temporal changes in patient characteristics, the incidence rate of surgical intervention, and the three-year mortality rate for patients undergoing surgical intervention for mitral valve stenosis (MS) from 2001 to 2021 in Denmark. Utilizing Danish nationwide registries, we identified all adult patients undergoing first-time surgical intervention for MS (2001-2021). Temporal changes in the incidence rate of surgical intervention across calendar periods were investigated (2001-2005, 2006-2010, 2011-2015, and 2016-2021).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- Despite strong guidelines, flu vaccination rates are low among young and middle-aged people with chronic illnesses, indicating a need for effective strategies to boost these rates.
- A nationwide clinical trial in Denmark tested whether sending behaviorally informed electronic letters could increase flu vaccination uptake in patients aged 18 to 64 with chronic diseases.
- Results showed that patients who received any intervention letters had a higher vaccination rate (39.6%) compared to those who received usual care (27.9%), with the most significant impact coming from a follow-up letter sent 10 days later.
Background: When patients undergo surgery for mitral regurgitation, risk of reoperation is of concern.
Aims: To examine the incidence and factors associated with mitral reoperation following surgery for mitral regurgitation according to type of surgery.
Methods: Patients undergoing first-time surgery for mitral regurgitation, 1996-2021, were identified from nationwide registries.
Background: Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RA) are increasingly being prescribed in drug-naive patients. We aimed to contrast add-on therapy, adherence, and changes in biomarkers, 1 year after treatment initiation with GLP-1 RA or metformin.
Methods: Using Danish nationwide registers, we included incident GLP-1 RA or metformin users from 2018 to 2021 with glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) ≥ 42 mmol/mol.
Article Synopsis
- Heart failure (HF) significantly increases the risk of death and hospitalization compared to the general population, especially evident in patients initiating guideline-directed therapy.
- In a study of over 35,000 HF patients matched with non-HF individuals, those with HF had a 13% higher risk of death, 17% higher risk of HF-related hospitalization, and 24% higher risk of non-HF hospitalization over five years.
- The excess risk of death declined with age; for example, a 60-year-old man with HF had a similar five-year death risk to a 75-year-old man without HF, suggesting the need to adjust healthcare resources based on age and comorbidities.