Identifying New Small Proteins in Escherichia coli.

The number of small proteins (SPs) encoded in the Escherichia coli genome is unknown, as current bioinformatics and biochemical techniques make short gene and small protein identification challenging. One method of small protein identification involves adding an epitope tag to the 3' end of a short open reading frame (sORF) on the chromosome, with synthesis confirmed by immunoblot assays. In this study, this strategy was used to identify new E.

Integration of Ethics across the Curriculum: From First Year through Senior Seminar.

The Fisher College of Science and Mathematics (FCSM) at Towson University (TU) has integrated authentic research experiences throughout the curriculum from first year STEM courses through advanced upper-level classes and independent research. Our observation is that training in both responsible conduct of research (RCR) and bioethics throughout the curriculum was an effective strategy to advance the cognitive and psychosocial development of the students. As students enter TU they generally lack the experience and tools to assess their own competence, to apply ethical debates, to investigate scientific topics from an ethical perspective, or to integrate ethics into final conclusions.

Copper transport across pea thylakoid membranes.

The initial rate of Cu2+ movement across the thylakoid membrane of pea (Pisum sativum) chloroplasts was directly measured by stopped-flow spectrofluorometry using membranes loaded with the Cu(2+)-sensitive fluorophore Phen Green SK. Cu2+ transport was rapid, reaching completion within 0.5 s.