Breast cancer incidence and mortality, by age, stage and molecular subtypes, by race/ethnicity in Canada.

Background: Breast cancer (BC) characteristics and outcomes in Canada related to race/ethnicity are not currently documented.

Methods: Age-specific and age-standardized BC incidence and mortality rates, age distribution of cases, proportions of stage, and molecular subtypes were calculated for women aged 20+, by race/ethnicity, using 2006 and 2011 Canadian Census Health and Environment Cohort databases of linked census, cancer, and death data.

Results: In 47 105 BC cases, age-specific incidence rates were higher in Filipina (rate ratio (RR) = 1.

The Landscape of Breast Cancer Molecular and Histologic Subtypes in Canada.

To characterize the histologic and molecular subtype distribution of, and survival from, breast cancer (BC) among Canadian women overall, and by stage and age at diagnosis. Invasive BC cases from the Canadian Cancer Registry for women aged 15-99 years between 2012 and 2017 in Canada, excluding Quebec, were examined using pre-existing mortality linkages. Stage at diagnosis, molecular, and histologic subtypes, and 5-year net survival (NS) by age, subtype, and stage were determined.

Projected estimates of cancer in Canada in 2024.

Background: Cancer surveillance data are essential to help understand where gaps exist and progress is being made in cancer control. We sought to summarize the expected impact of cancer in Canada in 2024, with projections of new cancer cases and deaths from cancer by sex and province or territory for all ages combined.

Methods: We obtained data on new cancer cases (i.

Incidence of Breast Cancer in Younger Women: A Canadian Trend Analysis.

Breast cancer (BC) incidence is increasing globally. Age-specific BC incidence trend analyses are lacking for women under age 50 in Canada. In this study, we evaluate the incidence trends in breast cancer in women under age 50 in Canada and compare them with corresponding trends among women 50 to 54.

Are "immortals" an issue for survival estimates derived from Canadian Cancer Registry data?

Background: The validity of survival estimates from cancer registry data depends, in part, on the identification of the deaths of deceased cancer patients. People whose deaths are missed seemingly live on forever and are informally referred to as "immortals." Their presence in registry data can result in inflated survival estimates.

Progress in cancer control leads to a substantial number of cancer deaths avoided in Canada.

It is currently not known how many more cancer deaths would have occurred among Canadians if cancer mortality rates were unchanged following various modern human interventions. The objective of this study was to estimate the number of cancer deaths that have been avoided in Canada since the age-standardized overall cancer mortality rate peaked in 1988. We applied the age-specific overall cancer mortality rates from 1988 to the Canadian population for all subsequent years to estimate the number of expected deaths.

Impact of Breast Cancer Screening on 10-Year Net Survival in Canadian Women Age 40-49 Years.

Purpose: In Canada, some provincial/territorial mammography screening programs include women age 40-49 years, whereas others do not. This study examines the impact of this dichotomy on the 10-year breast cancer (BC) net survival (NS) among women age 40-49 years and 50-59 years at diagnosis.

Methods: Using the Canadian Cancer Registry data record linked to death information, we evaluated the cohort of Canadian women age 40-49 years and 50-59 years diagnosed with BC from 2002 to 2007.

Five-year cancer survival by stage at diagnosis in Canada.

Background: Cancer survival estimates provide insights into the effectiveness of early detection and treatment. The stage of cancer at diagnosis is an important determinant of survival, reflecting the extent and spread at the time of disease detection. This work provides stage-specific, five-year survival results not previously available for Canada.

The Impact of Organised Screening Programs on Breast Cancer Stage at Diagnosis for Canadian Women Aged 40-49 and 50-59.

The relationship between Canadian mammography screening practices for women 40−49 and breast cancer (BC) stage at diagnosis in women 40−49 and 50−59 years was assessed using data from the Canadian Cancer Registry, provincial/territorial screening practices, and screening information from the Canadian Community Health Survey. For the 2010 to 2017 period, women aged 40−49 were diagnosed with lesser relative proportions of stage I BC (35.7 vs.

Measuring progress in cancer survival across Canadian provinces: Extending the cancer survival index to further evaluate cancer control efforts.

Background: A comprehensive evaluation of progress in cancer survival for all cancer types combined in Canada has recently been accomplished. An analogous evaluation across Canadian provinces has yet to be conducted.

Data And Methods: Data from 1992 to 2017 are from the population-based Canadian Cancer Registry death-linked analytic file.

Update on cancer incidence trends in Canada, 1984 to 2017.

This paper highlights findings on cancer trends from the Canadian Cancer Statistics 2021 report. Trends were measured using annual percent change (APC) of age-standardized incidence rates. Overall, cancer incidence rates are declining (-1.

The cancer survival index: Measuring progress in cancer survival to help evaluate cancer control efforts in Canada.

Background: A comprehensive evaluation of progress in cancer survival for all cancer types combined has not previously been conducted for Canada. The cancer survival index (CSI) is superior to age standardization in measuring such progress.

Data And Methods: Data are from the population-based Canadian Cancer Registry, record-linked to the Canadian Vital Statistics Death database.

Trends in paediatric cancer survival in Canada, 1992 to 2017.

Background: While impressive gains in childhood cancer survival have been reported both in Canada and internationally, it has been almost 15 years since the last comprehensive evaluation of Canadian data.

Data And Methods: Data are from the population-based Canadian Cancer Registry, record-linked to the Canadian Vital Statistics Death database. Children aged 0 to 14 diagnosed with new primary malignant cancers from 1992 to 2017 in Canada except Quebec were included.

Projected estimates of cancer in Canada in 2020.

Background: Cancer projections to the current year help in policy development, planning of programs and allocation of resources. We sought to provide an overview of the expected incidence and mortality of cancer in Canada in 2020 in follow-up to the report.

Methods: We obtained incidence data from the National Cancer Incidence Reporting System (1984-1991) and Canadian Cancer Registry (1992-2015).

Changing trends in thyroid cancer incidence in Canada: A histologic examination, 1992 to 2016.

Background: Age-standardized incidence rates (ASIRs) of thyroid cancer (TC) have increased in many parts of the world, primarily because of increased papillary TC detection. While rapid increases in TC incidence have also been reported in Canada, an analysis of incidence and survival by histologic subtype has been lacking. Moreover, recent data points in Canada suggest that the era of rapid annual increases may have ended.

Progress in net cancer survival in Canada over 20 years.

Background: Monitoring the progress of cancer survival in a population over time is an important part of cancer surveillance.

Data And Methods: Data are from the Canadian Cancer Registry with mortality follow-up through record linkage to the Canadian Vital Statistics Death Database and tax files. Net survival (NS) was derived using the Pohar Perme method.

Increasing survival from leukemia among adolescents and adults in Canada: A closer look.

Background: Survival from adult onset leukemia has increased substantially in Canada since at least the early 1990s. However, an analysis of the extent of this improvement by type of leukemia is lacking.

Data And Methods: Data are from the Canadian Cancer Registry, with mortality follow-up through record linkage to the Canadian Vital Statistics Death Database.

Differences in cancer survival in Canada by sex.

Background: Research in the United States and Europe has found that women have an advantage over men in surviving a diagnosis of cancer, but the issue has not been systematically studied in Canada.

Data And Methods: Data are from the Canadian Cancer Registry, with mortality follow-up through record linkage to the Canadian Vital Statistics Death Database. The percentage unit difference in five-year relative survival ratios (RSRs) between women and men and the relative excess risk (RER) of death for women compared with men were used as measures of differences in cancer survival.

Adjusting relative survival estimates for cancer mortality in the general population.

Background: In theory, expected survival probabilities used in the derivation of relative survival ratios (RSR) are determined from a control group free of the cancer under study. In practice, expected survival is typically estimated from general population life tables--which include people previously diagnosed with cancer--potentially leading to an overestimation of relative survival.

Data And Methods: Data are from the Canadian Cancer Registry with mortality follow-up through record linkage to the Canadian Vital Statistics Death Database.

Trends in incidence, mortality, and survival for kidney cancer in Canada, 1986-2007.

Purpose: Kidney cancer is one of the fastest rising cancers worldwide. We aimed to examine the trends in incidence, mortality, and survival for this cancer in Canada.

Methods: Incidence data for kidney cancer for 1986-2010 were from the Canadian Cancer Registry and the National Cancer Incidence Reporting System.

Estimating relative survival for cancer: An analysis of bias introduced by outdated life tables.

Background: Relative survival analyses of cancer data often incorporate outdated information about expected survival when current information is not readily available. The assumption is that any bias introduced into the estimation of expected survival, and hence, into the estimate of relative survival, will be negligible. However, empirical studies of potential bias have yet to be published.