Anti-inflammatory salicylate treatment alters the metabolic adaptations to lactation in dairy cattle.

Adapting to the lactating state requires metabolic adjustments in multiple tissues, especially in the dairy cow, which must meet glucose demands that can exceed 5 kg/day in the face of negligible gastrointestinal glucose absorption. These challenges are met through the process of homeorhesis, the alteration of metabolic setpoints to adapt to a shift in physiological state. To investigate the role of inflammation-associated pathways in these homeorhetic adaptations, we treated cows with the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug sodium salicylate (SS) for the first 7 days of lactation.

Incidence and severity of Arcanobacterium pyogenes injection site abscesses with needle or needle-free injection.

Nursery-age pigs (n=198) were used to evaluate the difference in abscess formation at needle-free jet and conventional needle-and-syringe injection sites. Needle-free jet injection was used to administer injections in the neck and ham on one side of the animal whereas needle-and-syringe was used for neck and ham injections on the opposite side. Immediately prior to injection, the injection site surfaces were contaminated with an inoculum of Arcanobacterium pyogenes.

Comparison of iatrogenic transmission of Anaplasma marginale in Holstein steers via needle and needle-free injection techniques.

Objective: To compare iatrogenic transmission of Anaplasma marginale during sham vaccination between needle and needle-free injection techniques.

Animals: 26 Holstein steers confirmed negative for anaplasmosis by use of a competitive ELISA (cELISA) and an A marginale-specific reverse transcription (RT)-PCR assay.

Procedures: An isolate of A marginale was propagated to a circulating parasitemia of 2.

The efficacy of three chlortetracycline regimens in the treatment of persistent Anaplasma marginale infection.

Chemosterilization is reported in cattle fed chlortetracycline hydrochloride (CTC) at dosages ranging from 1.1mg/kg for 120 days to 11 mg/kg for 30-60 days. The relationship between plasma CTC drug concentration and carrier clearance has not been described.

Potential associations between fecal shedding of Salmonella in feedlot cattle treated for apparent respiratory disease and subsequent adverse health outcomes.

A prospective cohort study was used to assess whether Salmonella fecal shedding in commercial feedlot cattle treated with antimicrobials for respiratory disease was associated with subsequent adverse health outcomes. Feces were collected per rectum from cattle that were examined for apparent respiratory disease, had a rectal temperature > or = 40 degrees C, and subsequently received antimicrobial treatment. Salmonella were recovered from 918 (73.

Biocontainment, biosecurity, and security practices in beef feedyards.

Objective: To determine the biocontainment, biosecurity, and security practices at beef feedyards in the Central Plains of the United States.

Design: Survey.

Sample Population: Managers of feedyards in Colorado, Kansas, Nebraska, Oklahoma, and Texas that feed beef cattle for finish before slaughter; feedyards had to have an active concentrated animal feeding operation permit with a 1-time capacity of >or= 1,000 cattle.

Interaction between consulting veterinarians and nutritionists in the feedlot.

The consulting nutritionist and veterinarian typically spend more time at the feedyard than other advisors. Both bring unique credentials to the client, but at the same time much of their training has common roots. Their goal should be to provide the best possible advice and service to the feedlot for the benefit of the cattle, the cattle owners, and ultimately the consumer.

Stochastic transmission of multiple genotypically distinct Anaplasma marginale strains in a herd with high prevalence of Anaplasma infection.

Multiple genotypically unique strains of the tick-borne pathogen Anaplasma marginale occur and are transmitted within regions where the organism is endemic. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that specific A. marginale strains are preferentially transmitted.