Aluminum promotes changes in rice root structure and ascorbate and glutathione metabolism.

In acidic soil, aluminum (Al) ionizes into trivalent cation and becomes highly toxic to plants. Thus, the objectives of this work were (i) to evaluate the Al concentration and identify sites of Al toxicity and its effect on the structure on rice root tips and (ii) to elucidate the adjustments involved in the activities/contents of enzymes/compounds in the roots against Al. For this, two genotypes with contrasting Al tolerance were used.

Potassium (K) Starvation-Induced Oxidative Stress Triggers a General Boost of Antioxidant and NADPH-Generating Systems in the Halophyte .

Potassium (K) is an essential macro-element for plant growth and development given its implication in major processes such as photosynthesis, osmoregulation, protein synthesis, and enzyme function. Using 30-day-old plants as halophyte model grown under K deprivation for 15 days, it was analyzed at the biochemical level to determine the metabolism of reactive oxygen species (ROS), key photorespiratory enzymes, and the main NADPH-generating systems. K starvation-induced oxidative stress was noticed by high malondialdehyde (MDA) content associated with an increase of superoxide radical (O) in leaves from K-deficient plants.

Physiological and morphoanatomical effects of glyphosate in Eugenia uniflora, a Brazilian plant species native to the Atlantic Forest biome.

The herbicide glyphosate can cause severe ecotoxicological effects on non-target organisms. Eugenia uniflora L. (Myrtaceae) is very important for in situ environmental biomonitoring due to its wide distribution in the Atlantic Forest biome.

Arsenic hyperaccumulation in Pityrogramma calomelanos L. (Link): adaptive traits to deal with high metalloid concentrations.

Pityrogramma calomelanos is interestingly the single non-Pteris arsenic (As)-hyperaccumulating fern. It has been pointed as a potential species for phytoremediation and a model plant to study the As toxicity and its mechanisms of action. In order to investigate the morphoanatomical traits associated to As tolerance, P.

Glyphosate-induced oxidative stress in Arabidopsis thaliana affecting peroxisomal metabolism and triggers activity in the oxidative phase of the pentose phosphate pathway (OxPPP) involved in NADPH generation.

Glyphosate is a broad-spectrum systemic herbicide used worldwide. In susceptible plants, glyphosate affects the shikimate pathway and reduces aromatic amino acid synthesis. Using Arabidopsis seedlings grown in the presence of 20μM glyphosate, we analyzed HO, ascorbate, glutathione (GSH) and protein oxidation content as well as antioxidant catalase, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and ascorbate-glutathione cycle enzyme activity.

Separation of Plant 6-Phosphogluconate Dehydrogenase (6PGDH) Isoforms by Non-denaturing Gel Electrophoresis.

6-Phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6PGDH; EC 1.1.1.

Arsenic hyperaccumulation induces metabolic reprogramming in Pityrogramma calomelanos to reduce oxidative stress.

Arsenic (As) pollution is a major environmental concern due to its worldwide distribution and high toxicity to organisms. The fern Pityrogramma calomelanos is one of the few plant species known to be able to hyperaccumulate As, although the mechanisms involved are largely unknown. This study aimed to investigate the metabolic adjustments involved in the As-tolerance of P.

Arsenic accumulation in Brassicaceae seedlings and its effects on growth and plant anatomy.

We wished to evaluate the effects of arsenic on the morphology and anatomy of Brassica oleracea, Raphanus sativus, Brassica juncea, Brassica oleracea var. capitata and Brassica oleracea var. italica.

Morphoanatomical responses induced by excess iron in roots of two tolerant grass species.

We aimed to verify whether morphoanatomic alterations occur in response to excess iron, in roots of Setaria parviflora and Paspallum urvillei (Poaceae), and to localize the presence of the sites of iron accumulation. Plants were subjected to 0.009, 1, 2, 4, and 7 mM Fe-EDTA in nutrient solution.

Leaf morphoanatomy of species tolerant to excess iron and evaluation of their phytoextraction potential.

Setaria parviflora (Poir.) Kerguélen and Paspalum urvillei Steudel are grasses that grow naturally in a soil with high iron contents. This study aimed to characterize morphoanatomically and histochemically the iron phytotoxicity on leaves and evaluate the phytoextraction potential of these grasses.

Tolerance to iron accumulation and its effects on mineral composition and growth of two grass species.

This study aimed to assess the influence of excess iron on the capacity of accumulation of this heavy metal, mineral composition, and growth of Setaria parviflora and Paspalum urvillei. Seedlings were submitted to 0.009; 1; 2; 4; and 7 mM of Fe-EDTA.