Morphological and molecular characterization of a Sarcocystis bovifelis-like sarcocyst in American beef.

Background: Parasites in the apicomplexan genus Sarcocystis infect cattle worldwide. Assessing the economic importance of each such parasite species requires proper diagnosis. Sarcocystis cruzi, a thin-walled species, infects virtually all cattle.

MOLECULAR CONFIRMATION OF WOLF (CANIS LUPUS) AS A NATURAL DEFINITIVE HOST FOR SARCOCYSTIS CRUZI OF CATTLE, SARCOCYSTIS MEHLHORNI OF DEER, AND SARCOCYSTIS WENZELI OF CHICKENS.

As predators of a wide variety of livestock and wildlife species, wolves (Canis lupus) could serve as definitive hosts for species of Sarcocystis parasites infecting many intermediate hosts. Sarcocystis sporocysts have been observed in the feces of wolves fed infected beef before, but genetic tools have not yet definitively identified which species of parasites they harbor, impairing understanding of their contribution to infections in wild and domesticated intermediate hosts. Therefore, we genetically characterized sporocysts derived from a small sample of naturally infected wolves in Minnesota.

HEPATOZOON RUFI N. SP. (APICOMPLEXA: HEPATOZOIDAE) OF BOBCATS (LYNX RUFUS) FROM MISSISSIPPI.

Hepatozoon sp. stages were detected in histological sections of the muscles of 11 of 25 bobcats (Lynx rufus). Parasites were detected from the myocardium of 11, tongues of 4, and limb muscles of 5 of these animals, which had been hunted in Mississippi in 2017.

Gray fox (Urocyon cinereoargenteus) identified as a new intermediate host for Sarcocystis neurona.

The protozoan Sarcocystis neurona can cause severe disease in horses, marine mammals, and several other animal species in North America. The Virginia opossum (Didelphis virginiana) is its definitive host, and the raccoon (Procyon lotor) has been considered its primary intermediate host in the USA. Although canids have not previously been identified as important intermediate hosts for this parasite, we here report several natural cases in the gray fox (Urocyon cinereoargenteus).

Trichinella murrelli identified in red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) in Pennsylvania, USA.

Trichinella infections have been eliminated from pork where pigs are raised in biosecure facilities, but wildlife infections persist. Trichinella murrelli is the primary zoonotic species in wild carnivores in the United States, having been identified in several species of omnivores and carnivores. Here, we document its occurrence in seven of 21 (33.

TRICHINELLA AND AT LEAST THREE SPECIES OF SARCOCYSTIS PARASITIZE THE MUSCLES OF BOBCATS (LYNX RUFUS) FROM MISSISSIPPI.

Muscles of 25 bobcats (Lynx rufus) from remote areas of Mississippi in 2017 were tested for parasites. Testing for Sarcocystis infections included microscopic examination of fresh unstained muscle squashes, pepsin digestion of hearts and tongues, and histological sections of paraffin-embedded tissues. Sarcocystis spp.

Biodiversity of carbapenem-resistant bacteria in clinical samples from the Southwest Amazon region (Rondônia/Brazil).

Brazil is recognized for its biodiversity and the genetic variability of its organisms. This genetic variability becomes even more valuable when it is properly documented and accessible. Understanding bacterial diversity through molecular characterization is necessary as it can improve patient treatment, reduce the length of hospital stays and the selection of resistant bacteria, and generate data for health and epidemiological surveillance.

SARCOCYSTIS AND OTHER PARASITES IN FECES OF BOBCATS (LYNX RUFUS) FROM MISSISSIPPI.

Rectal contents of 56 adult bobcats (Lynx rufus) in 2014 and 2017 from remote areas of Mississippi were examined microscopically for parasite stages after the sugar flotation method. Among the helminths, eggs/larvae found were: Paragonimus sp. in 12, Toxocara cati-like in 16, trichurid-capillarid-like in 3, hookworms in 27, and lungworms in 28.

(Hasselmann, 1923) Wenyon, 1926: redescription, molecular characterization and deposition of life cycle stages specimens in the Smithsonian Museum.

Currently, 7 named species infect cattle: , , , , , and ; other, unnamed species also infect cattle. Of these parasites of cattle, a complete life cycle description is known only for , the most pathogenic species in cattle. The life cycle of was completed experimentally in 1982, before related parasite species were structurally characterized, and before the advent of molecular diagnostics; to our knowledge, no archived frozen tissues from the cattle employed in the original descriptions remain for DNA characterization.

The same genotype of Sarcocystis neurona responsible for mass mortality in marine mammals induced a clinical outbreak in raccoons (Procyon lotor) 10 years later.

Here, we report the first known outbreak of clinical protozoal myeloencephalitis in naturally infected raccoons by the parasite Sarcocystis neurona. The North American opossum (Didelphis virginiana) and the South American opossum (Didelphis albiventris) are its known definitive hosts. Several other animal species are its intermediate or aberrant hosts.

Evaluation of acute toxicity, 28-day repeated dose toxicity, and genotoxicity of Moringa oleifera leaves infusion and powder.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Moringa oleifera Lam. leaves infusion and powder are widely used by population due the nutritional and medicinal potentials, however data regarding safety of use are still inconclusive, leading to prohibition of this plant in some countries.

Aim Of The Study: The present work investigated the nutritional and phytochemical composition, acute and 28-day repeated dose toxicity, and genotoxicity of M.

Subinhibitory Concentrations of Biogenic Silver Nanoparticles Affect Motility and Biofilm Formation in .

Biogenic silver nanoparticles (bio-AgNPs) are increasingly recognized as an antibiofilm and antivirulence strategy against , a bacterium that causes chronic infections in immunocompromised and cystic fibrosis patients. This study aimed to investigate the effects of subinhibitory concentrations of bio-AgNPs on motility and biofilm formation in . Bio-AgNPs were synthesized reduction of ionic silver catalyzed by cell-free culture filtrate from .

Sodium Oxalate-Induced Acute Kidney Injury Associated With Glomerular and Tubulointerstitial Damage in Rats.

Acute crystalline nephropathy is closely related to tubulointerstitial injury, but few studies have investigated glomerular changes in this condition. Thus, in the current study, we investigated the factors involved in glomerular and tubulointerstitial injury in an experimental model of crystalline-induced acute kidney injury (AKI). We treated male Wistar rats with a single injection of sodium oxalate (NaOx, 7 mg⋅100 g⋅day, resuspended in 0.

Lack of adiponectin in mice accelerates high-fat diet-induced progression of chronic kidney disease.

Obesity is an independent risk factor for the development of chronic kidney disease. The pathophysiology of the obesity-induced kidney injury is complex, but evidence suggests the involvement of reduced adiponectin levels and signaling. We investigated the extent by which adiponectin contributes to the establishment and progression of renal disease in wild type (WT) and adiponectin null (adipoKO) mice fed a control or a high-fat diet (HFD) for 16 weeks.

Analysis of Risk Factors in Occupational Accidents in Brazil: A Population-Based Study.

Objective: To investigate the association of occupational risks factors, including specific work characteristics with the occurrence of accidents at workplace and on the way to work in Brazil.

Methods: We used a cross-sectional study design with comparison groups, to inquire data from 47,629 participants of the Brazilian National Health Survey. Logistic regression analysis was performed for distinct multivariate models.

Portulaca elatior root contains a trehalose-binding lectin with antibacterial and antifungal activities.

Lectins are carbohydrate-binding proteins broadly distributed in plants and have several biological functions, including antimicrobial action. Portulaca elatior is a Caatinga plant whose chemical composition and biotechnological potential have not been extensively studied. In this work, a lectin was isolated from P.

Hexane extract from Spondias tuberosa (Anacardiaceae) leaves has antioxidant activity and is an anti-Candida agent by causing mitochondrial and lysosomal damages.

Background: Spondias tuberosa is a plant that produces a fruit crop with high economic relevance at Brazilian Caatinga. Its roots and leaves are used in folk medicine.

Methods: Chemical composition of a hexane extract from S.

Evaluation of antimicrobial, cytotoxic, and hemolytic activities from venom of the spider Lasiodora sp.

This study characterized the protein/peptide profile of venom isolated from the spider Lasiodora sp. (Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae) found in northeastern Brazil and determined its antimicrobial activity, toxicity against human cells, and hemolytic activity. Protein concentration of the Lasiodora sp.

Impact of the distance of light curing on the degree of conversion and microhardness of a composite resin.

Objective: This study evaluated the impact of the distance between the light guide tip of the curing unit and material surface on the degree of conversion and Knoop microhardness of a composite resin.

Materials And Methods: Circular samples were carried out of a methacrylate micro-hybrid resin-based composite and light cured at 0, 2 and 4 mm distance. Monomer conversion rate was measured using a Fourier-transform Raman spectrometer and Knoop hardness number was obtained using a microhardness tester on the top and bottom surfaces.

Synthesis and evaluation of (-)-Massoialactone and analogues as potential anticancer and anti-inflammatory agents.

(-)-Massoialactone, an α,β-unsaturated δ-lactone isolated from Cryptocarya massoia, and five analogues were synthesized and their antiproliferative and anti-inflammatory activities were evaluated. The lactones were able to mimic the "core" functional group required for the biological activity of their parent natural compounds suggesting that substantially altered analogues may retain their properties.

Mineral loss and color change of enamel after bleaching and staining solutions combination.

Pigments of food and beverages could affect dental bleaching efficacy. The aim of this investigation was to evaluate color change and mineral loss of tooth enamel as well as the influence of staining solutions normally used by adolescent patients undergoing home bleaching. Initial hardness and baseline color were measured on enamel blocks.