Immunogenomic analyses associate immunological alterations with mismatch repair defects in prostate cancer.

Background: Understanding the integrated immunogenomic landscape of advanced prostate cancer (APC) could impact stratified treatment selection.

Methods: Defective mismatch repair (dMMR) status was determined by either loss of mismatch repair protein expression on IHC or microsatellite instability (MSI) by PCR in 127 APC biopsies from 124 patients (Royal Marsden [RMH] cohort); MSI by targeted panel next-generation sequencing (MSINGS) was then evaluated in the same cohort and in 254 APC samples from the Stand Up To Cancer/Prostate Cancer Foundation (SU2C/PCF). Whole exome sequencing (WES) data from this latter cohort were analyzed for pathogenic MMR gene variants, mutational load, and mutational signatures.

Comparison between MRI and pathology in the assessment of tumour regression grade in rectal cancer.

Background: Limited data exist regarding the correlation between MRI tumour regression grade (mrTRG) and pathological TRG (pTRG) in rectal cancer.

Methods: mrTRG and pTRG were compared in rectal cancer patients from two phase II trials (EXPERT and EXPERT-C). The agreement between radiologist and pathologist was assessed with the weighted κ test while the Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate survival outcomes.

Cyclin D1 overexpression in proliferation centres of small lymphocytic lymphoma/chronic lymphocytic leukaemia.

The recent publication reviewing the updated WHO classification commented on the presence of cyclin D1-positive cells in the proliferation centres (PC) of small lymphocytic lymphoma/chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (SLL/CLL). The figure quoted was 30%, which appeared higher than our experience. To assess cyclin D1 expression in PC of SLL/CLL cases, we performed a review of SLL/CLL cases diagnosed at the Royal Marsden Hospital between 1996 and 2009.

Marginal zone lymphoma: Associated autoimmunity and auto-immune disorders.

Large epidemiological studies have shown a consistent increased risk for developing lymphoma in the setting of autoimmune disorders (AID). It is known that this link appears to be stronger for some AID and certain non-Hodgkin lymphoma subtypes e.g.

Bone marrow and splenic histology in hairy cell leukaemia.

Hairy cell leukaemia is a rare chronic neoplastic B-cell lymphoproliferation that characteristically involves blood, bone marrow and spleen with liver, lymph node and skin less commonly involved. Histologically, the cells have a characteristic appearance with pale/clear cytoplasm and round or reniform nuclei. In the spleen, the infiltrate involves the red pulp and is frequently associated with areas of haemorrhage (blood lakes).

Dermoscopic aspects of syringocystadenoma papilliferum associated with nevus sebaceus.

Syringocystadenoma papilliferum is a rare benign adnexal tumor that frequently shows apocrine differentiation. It usually develops on the scalp and is associated with a nevus sebaceus in 40% of cases. Although the clinical presentation may differ, its histology is characteristic.