How to Detect Isolated PEX10-Related Cerebellar Ataxia?

A 4-year-old boy presented with subacute onset of cerebellar ataxia. Neuroimaging revealed cerebellar atrophy. Metabolic screening tests aiming to detect potentially treatable ataxias showed an increased value (fourfold upper limit of normal) for phytanic acid and elevated very-long-chain fatty acid (VLCFA) ratios (C24:0/C22:0 and C26:0/C22:0), while absolute concentrations of VLCFA were normal.

Differentiation between calcification and hemorrhage in brain tumors using susceptibility-weighted imaging: a pilot study.

Objective: Our aim was to develop a robust method to differentiate calcification from hemorrhage in gliomas. Histopathologic examination was performed to validate hemorrhage and calcification.

Conclusion: Phase images from eleven patients with glioma yielded statistically significant phase-shift values for calcification and hemorrhage compared with normal brain, whereas CT showed substantial overlap of Hounsfield units.

Focal changes in diffusivity on apparent diffusion coefficient MR imaging and amino acid uptake on PET do not colocalize in nonenhancing low-grade gliomas.

Unlabelled: Low-grade gliomas (LGGs) may harbor malignant foci, which are characterized by increased tumor cellularity and angiogenesis. We used diffusion-weighted MR imaging (apparent diffusion coefficient [ADC]) and PET with the amino acid O-(2-(18)F-fluorethyl)-L-tyrosine ((18)F-FET) to search for focal changes of diffusion (ADC) and amino acid uptake and to investigate whether focal changes in these parameters colocalize within LGGs.

Methods: We retrospectively selected 18 patients with nonenhancing LGG.

Cortical hemosiderin is associated with seizures in patients with newly diagnosed malignant brain tumors.

Hemorrhage is common in brain tumors. Due to characteristic magnetic field changes induced by hemosiderin it can be detected using susceptibility weighted MRI (SWI). Its relevance to clinical syndromes is unclear.

Anisotropic phantom measurements for quality assured use of diffusion tensor imaging in clinical practice.

Background: Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is being increasingly applied in clinical practice, for example in neuronavigation and in modern radiation treatment planning. Quality assurance (QA) is therefore important to avoid clinical errors.

Purpose: To compare four analytical programs and a neuronavigation tool to evaluate our in-house diffusion-weighted imaging protocol in order to be able to implement diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) into clinical practice.

Characteristics of displaceable and nondisplaceable meniscal tears at kinematic MR imaging of the knee.

Purpose: To prospectively determine if kinematic magnetic resonance (MR) imaging of the knee may demonstrate displacement of menisci with tears and, if so, to characterize displaceable and nondisplaceable meniscal tears.

Materials And Methods: The study was approved by the hospital's review board, and informed consent was obtained. Forty-two patients (30 men, 12 women; mean age, 36.

MR imaging of the knee: position related changes of the menisci in asymptomatic volunteers.

Rationale And Objectives: To evaluate position related changes of the menisci in asymptomatic volunteers based on MR imaging of the knee in different positions.

Methods: Twenty-two knees from 22 asymptomatic volunteers with no history of knee injury and no evidence of meniscal tears were examined with a 0.5-T open-configuration MR system.

Magnetic resonance imaging of the weight-bearing spine.

Weight-bearing magnetic resonance (MR) imaging of the spine can either be simulated by imaging the patient in the supine position in combination with a special axial loading device or be achieved by using vertically open-configuration MR systems, which allow for in vivo MR images of the spine under upright weight-bearing conditions in either seated or standing body positions. Weight-bearing MRI of the spine permits the study of physiological as well as pathological changes in the relationships of the intervertebral disk, the spinal canal, and the neural foramina as well as the assessment of segmental instability in physiologic body positions. With this technique, MR images may be taken in painful body positions so that morphological changes of the intervertebral disk or other spinal structures may be correlated with pain or other symptoms.