Evaluation of 73 Enlisted Patients for Liver Transplant with Unknown Etiology Reveals a Late-Diagnosed Case of Lysosomal Acid Lipase Deficiency.

Lysosomal acid lipase deficiency (LALD) varies from a severe infantile-onset form (Wolman disease) to a late-onset form known as cholesteryl ester storage disease (CESD), both of which are autosomal recessive disorders caused by biallelic pathogenic variants. We evaluated seventy-three patients enlisted for liver transplant (LT) at Instituto da Criança (HCFMUSP-Brazil) who were subjected to LAL activity measurement and Sanger sequencing analysis, resulting in a positive LALD diagnosis for only one of these individuals. This LALD patient presented recurrent diarrhea, failure to thrive, hepatomegaly, and dyslipidemia at the age of 4 months and liver failure by the age of 13 years.

MECP2-related conditions in males: A systematic literature review and 8 additional cases.

Objective: To present a cohort of 8 males and perform a systematic review of all published cases with a single copy of MECP2 carrying a pathogenic variant.

Methods: We reviewed medical records of males with a single copy of MECP2 carrying a pathogenic variant. We searched in Medline (Pubmed) and Embase to collect all articles which included well-characterized males with a single copy of MECP2 carrying a pathogenic or likely pathogenic variant in MECP2 (1999-2020).

ATP6V1B2-related epileptic encephalopathy.

ATP6V1B2 encodes a subunit of the lysosomal transmembrane proton pump necessary for adequate functioning of several acid hydrolases. De novo monoallelic variants of this gene have been associated with two distinct phenotypes: Zimmermann-Laband syndrome 2 (ZLS2), an intellectual deficiency/multiple malformation syndrome, and dominant deafness onychodystrophy (DDOD), a multiple malformation syndrome without cognitive involvement. Epilepsy is not observed in DDOD, is variably present in ZLS2, but is a common feature in Zimmermann-Laband syndrome 1 (ZLS1) (caused by monoallelic pathogenic variants in KCNH1) and Zimmermann-Laband syndrome-like (ZLSL) (associated with KCNK4 variants).