Contrasting terrestrial and marine ecospace dynamics after the end-Triassic mass extinction event.

Mass extinctions have fundamentally altered the structure of the biosphere throughout Earth's history. The ecological severity of mass extinctions is well studied in marine ecosystems by categorizing marine taxa into functional groups based on 'ecospace' approaches, but the ecological response of terrestrial ecosystems to mass extinctions is less well understood due to the lack of a comparable methodology. Here, we present a new terrestrial ecospace framework that categorizes fauna into functional groups as defined by tiering, motility and feeding traits.

Challenges and directions in analytical paleobiology.

Over the last 50 years, access to new data and analytical tools has expanded the study of analytical paleobiology, contributing to innovative analyses of biodiversity dynamics over Earth's history. Despite-or even spurred by-this growing availability of resources, analytical paleobiology faces deep-rooted obstacles that stem from the need for more equitable access to data and best practices to guide analyses of the fossil record. Recent progress has been accelerated by a collective push toward more collaborative, interdisciplinary, and open science, especially by early-career researchers.

B Cell Profiling in Patients with Pemphigus Vulgaris.

Pemphigus vulgaris is a severe, socially significant autoimmune disease associated with autoantibodies to the desmoglein 3 antigen. The disease affects all age groups, beginning at 18 years of age; the mortality rate of pemphigus can reach as high as 50%, depending on a patient's age and a number of other factors. There is no highly selective or personalized therapy for pemphigus vulgaris at the moment.

How predictable are mass extinction events?

Many modern extinction drivers are shared with past mass extinction events, such as rapid climate warming, habitat loss, pollution and invasive species. This commonality presents a key question: can the extinction risk of species during past mass extinction events inform our predictions for a modern biodiversity crisis? To investigate if it is possible to establish which species were more likely to go extinct during mass extinctions, we applied a functional trait-based model of extinction risk using a machine learning algorithm to datasets of marine fossils for the end-Permian, end-Triassic and end-Cretaceous mass extinctions. Extinction selectivity was inferred across each individual mass extinction event, before testing whether the selectivity patterns obtained could be used to 'predict' the extinction selectivity exhibited during the other mass extinctions.

Recombinant Fragment of the Extracellular Domain of Human Desmoglein 3 Fused with the Fc-Fragment of Human IgG1 Selectively Adsorbs Autoreactive Antibodies from the Sera of Pemphigus Patients.

Using the recombinant second fragment of the extracellular domain (EC2) of human desmoglein type 3 (Dsg3) as an affinity ligand, an immunosorbent was obtained that selectively binds autoreactive antibodies to this domain from the immune sera of patients with pemphigus. The EC2 protein was obtained in the form of a fusion protein with the Fc-fragment of human IgG1. The production was carried out in CHO cells using the method of transient expression.

[Changes in perfusional and morphological parameters of the macular area after silicone oil tamponade of the vitreous cavity].

Purpose: To compare the changes of the macular morphological and functional parameters in the postoperative period in patients with silicone oil tamponade after successful surgery of the macula-on rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD).

Material And Methods: The study included 20 eyes operated on for macula-on RRD, which made up the first group, and the control group (20 eyes) for comparison. All patients of the study group underwent vitrectomy using silicone oil tamponade.

[The method of closing macular holes with partial preservation of the internal limiting membrane].

Unlabelled: Macular hole is an urgent vision impairment problem among the population of developed countries. The main method of treatment of the macular hole is vitrectomy with removal of the internal limiting membrane (ILM). However, the pilling has been recently proved to have negative impact on neurophysiological processes in the macular zone.

Uppermost Triassic phosphorites from Williston Lake, Canada: link to fluctuating euxinic-anoxic conditions in northeastern Panthalassa before the end-Triassic mass extinction.

The end-Triassic mass extinction (ETE) is associated with a rise in CO due to eruptions of the Central Atlantic Magmatic Province (CAMP), and had a particularly dramatic effect on the Modern Fauna, so an understanding of the conditions that led to the ETE has relevance to current rising CO levels. Here, we report multiple phosphorite deposits in strata that immediately precede the ETE at Williston Lake, Canada, which allow the paleoenvironmental conditions leading up to the mass extinction to be investigated. The predominance of phosphatic coated grains within phoshorites indicates reworking in shallow water environments.

Ammonite habitat revealed via isotopic composition and comparisons with co-occurring benthic and planktonic organisms.

Ammonites are among the best-known fossils of the Phanerozoic, yet their habitat is poorly understood. Three common ammonite families (Baculitidae, Scaphitidae, and Sphenodiscidae) co-occur with well-preserved planktonic and benthic organisms at the type locality of the upper Maastrichtian Owl Creek Formation, offering an excellent opportunity to constrain their depth habitats through isotopic comparisons among taxa. Based on sedimentary evidence and the micro- and macrofauna at this site, we infer that the 9-m-thick sequence was deposited at a paleodepth of 70-150 m.

[Hemispheric interactions during a search of original verbal associations: EEG coherence in creative men and women].

A hemispheric interaction during verbal creative thinking was studied by the analysis of EEG coherence in the band of 4-30 Hz. 18 males and 21 females (right-handed university students) participaited in the experiments. Independently of gender, the performance of Remote Associates Task was accompanied by an increase in coherence in the theta1 and beta2 frequency bands as compared to the states of rest and the letter-fluency and simple associate's tasks.

[Dispensary registration groups and follow-up periods of patients with silicotuberculosis].

Silicosis is the most common and most frequently tuberculosis-complicated pneumoconiosis with poor prognosis. So a procedure for following up patients with silicotuberculosis requires revision and elaboration. Long-term follow-ups have made it possible to define early signs of this disease and to propose a number of techniques for its early diagnosis, such as chest computed tomography and polarization serum crystal microscopy.

[Efficiency of computed tomography in diagnosis of silicotuberculosis].

The routine methods X-ray study and computed tomography (CT) were compared in a group of patients engaged in fireproof industry. CT yields valuable additional data in early silicotuberculosis, which makes it possible to follow the extent of a silicotuberculous process more completely, to make a better diagnosis of nodal and focal shadows, to identify small decay cavities in the foci and infiltrates. CT is the method of choice in following up patients with silicotuberculosis.

[Kinetics of 7-aminocephalosporanic acid in aqueous solutions].

Stability of 7-aminocephalosporanic acid (7-ACA) and desacetyl-7-ACA in aqueous solutions at the pH value higher than 6 and wide ranges of the temperature was studied. The kinetic parameters of the hydrolysis of the ester link in the molecule of 7-ACA and the openings of the betalactam link in the molecules of 7-ACA and desacetyl-7-ACA were estimated. It was shown that all the destruction processes were describable by the 1st order equations.

[Stability of various cephalosporins in solutions. Cefazolin, cefazedone, cefaclor].

The kinetics of splitting out the substitute at C3 in the molecule of beta-lactam antibiotics such as cefazolin, cefaclor, cefazedone and others as well as that of splitting out the chlorine atom in the side radical of the cefazedone molecule was studied within wide ranges of pH and temperature. The destruction processes for all the investigated compounds were shown to be described by the 1st order equations. The values of the activation energy, pre-exponential factors and reaction order by the hydrogen ions were measured.