Use of a propofol infusion for anaesthetic maintenance in Guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus): a retrospective case series.

Objective: To retrospectively evaluate the feasibility of a propofol infusion for anaesthetic maintenance in guinea pigs.

Study Design: Retrospective case series.

Animals: Client-owned guinea pigs undergoing general anaesthesia.

Development of a method for analysis of ketamine and norketamine enantiomers in equine brain and cerebrospinal fluid by capillary electrophoresis.

Ketamine and norketamine are being transported across the blood brain barrier and are also entering from blood into cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Enantioselective distributions of these compounds in brain and CSF have never been determined. The enantioselective CE based assay previously developed for equine plasma was adapted to the analysis of these compounds in equine brain via use of an acidic pre-extraction of interferences prior to liquid/liquid extraction at alkaline pH.

Prevalence and risk factors for canine post-anesthetic aspiration pneumonia (1999-2009): a multicenter study.

Objective: To determine the incidence of canine post-anesthetic aspiration pneumonia (AP) and to identify anesthetic agents, procedures and management factors associated with the development of AP.

Study Design: Multicenter, randomized, case-controlled retrospective study.

Animals: Two hundred and forty dogs affected with AP and 488 unaffected control dogs.

Midazolam, as a co-induction agent, has propofol sparing effects but also decreases systolic blood pressure in healthy dogs.

Objective: To evaluate the effects of the co-administration of midazolam on the dose requirement for propofol anesthesia induction, heart rate (HR), systolic arterial pressure (SAP) and the incidence of excitement.

Study Design: Prospective, randomized, controlled and blinded clinical study, with owner consent.

Animals: Seventeen healthy, client owned dogs weighing 28 ± 18 kg and aged 4.

Intraoperative antinociception and postoperative analgesia following epidural anesthesia versus femoral and sciatic nerve blockade in dogs undergoing stifle joint surgery.

Objective: To compare analgesic efficacy of preoperative epidural anesthesia with efficacy of femoral and sciatic nerve blockade in dogs undergoing hind limb orthopedic surgery.

Design: Prospective randomized blinded clinical study.

Animals: 22 dogs requiring stifle joint surgery.

Use of the oxygen content-based index, Fshunt, as an indicator of pulmonary venous admixture at various inspired oxygen fractions in anesthetized sheep.

Objective: To evaluate the use of the oxygen content-based index, Fshunt, as an indicator of venous admixture (Qs/Qt) at various fractions of inspired oxygen (FIO(2)s) in anesthetized sheep undergoing Flung or 2-lung ventilation. Animals-6 healthy adult female sheep.

Procedures: Sheep were anesthetized and administered 5 different FIO(2)s (0.

Increases in heart rate and systolic blood pressure in anesthetized dogs affected with X-linked muscular dystrophy after cisatracurium administration: a retrospective study.

Background: Most patients affected with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) present with arrhythmias and cardiomyopathies. Drugs which potentially may induce tachycardia or hypertension could precipitate acute cardiac failure in these patients and should be avoided.

Methods: Thirty anesthesia records of five experimental male golden retriever cross-bred dogs affected with X-linked muscular dystrophy (GRDM), a model of DMD, were retrospectively reviewed (DMD group).

One-lung ventilation using a wire-guided endobronchial blocker for thoracoscopic pericardial fenestration in a dog.

Instead of a conventional double lumen tube, an Arndt wire-guided endobronchial blocker was used to achieve one-lung ventilation in a dog undergoing thoracoscopic pericardiectomy. Overall, lung separation was easy to perform and surgical conditions for the creation of a pericardial window were adequate. Special ventilation strategies were applied.

Suspected acute meperidine toxicity in a dog.

Observations: A 22-month-old male neutered Coton De Tulear dog was presented for upper gastrointestinal endoscopy under general anesthesia. The anesthetic plan included premedication with intramuscular meperidine (4 mg kg(-1)) but meperidine was inadvertently administered at ten-fold this dose. Within 5 minutes, the dog was unresponsive to external stimulation, and by 10 minutes post-injection developed generalized signs of central nervous system (CNS) excitement.

A technique for ultrasound-guided paravertebral brachial plexus injections in dogs.

Using cadaveric dogs, we established the ultrasonographic landmarks for performing paravertebral injections around the brachial plexus nerve roots in the dog, and assessed the accuracy and regional spread of the aliquots. A mixture of methylene blue dye and an iodinated contrast medium was used as the injectate. A 0.

Stereoselective pharmacokinetics of ketamine and norketamine after constant rate infusion of a subanesthetic dose of racemic ketamine or S-ketamine in Shetland ponies.

Objective: To evaluate pharmacokinetics of ketamine and norketamine enantiomers after constant rate infusion (CRI) of a subanesthetic dose of racemic ketamine or S-ketamine in ponies.

Animals: Five 6-year-old Shetland pony geldings that weighed between 101 and 152 kg.

Procedures: In a crossover study, each pony received a CRI of racemic ketamine (loading dose, 0.

Evaluation of anesthesia recovery quality after low-dose racemic or S-ketamine infusions during anesthesia with isoflurane in horses.

Objective: To compare anesthesia recovery quality after racemic (R-/S-) or S-ketamine infusions during isoflurane anesthesia in horses.

Animals: 10 horses undergoing arthroscopy.

Procedures: After administration of xylazine for sedation, horses (n = 5/group) received R-/S-ketamine (2.

The extradural pressure profile in goats following extradural injection.

Objective: To measure the extradural pressures in goats before and after extradural injection, and to investigate the occurrence of extradural pressure waves.

Study Design: Prospective experimental trial.

Animals: Nine healthy adult goats weighing 59.

Anaesthesia recovery quality after racemic ketamine or S-ketamine administration to male cats undergoing neutering surgery.

Postoperative anaesthesia recovery and analgesia qualities were compared in cats anaesthetised with racemic ketamine (RS-ket) or S-ketamine (S-ket) undergoing orchiectomy. Twenty client-owned male cats received medetomidine (0.03 mg/kg) and S-ket (6 mg/kg; n = 10) or RS-ket (10 mg/kg; n = 10), all intramuscularly.

Influence of pre-anaesthetic thoracic radiographs on ASA physical status classification and anaesthetic protocols in traumatized dogs and cats.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate if pre-anaesthetic thoracic radiographs contribute to the anaesthetic management of trauma patients by comparing American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status Classification (ASA grade) with and without information from thoracic radiography findings. Case records of 157 dogs and cats being anaesthetized with or without post-traumatic, pre-anaesthetic chest radiographs were retrospectively evaluated for clinical parameters, radiographic abnormalities and anaesthetic protocol. Animals were retrospectively assigned an ASA grade.

Balanced anesthesia and ventilation strategies for an alpaca (Lama pacos) with an increased anesthetic-risk.

We report the use of a balanced anesthetic technique in a three-year-old, female Huacaya alpaca with an increased anesthetic risk that underwent an extensive dental surgery. Anesthesia was provided with an infusion of midazolam, fentanyl, S-ketamine and low concentrations of isoflurane in oxygen. The mandibular alveolar nerve was desensitized with a lidocaine-bupivacaine combination.

Stereoselective pharmacokinetics of ketamine and norketamine after racemic ketamine or S-ketamine administration in Shetland ponies sedated with xylazine.

The pharmacokinetics of ketamine and norketamine enantiomers after administration of intravenous (IV) racemic ketamine (R-/S-ketamine; 2.2 mg/kg) or S-ketamine (1.1 mg/kg) to five ponies sedated with IV xylazine (1.

Stereoselective pharmacokinetics of ketamine and norketamine after racemic ketamine or S-ketamine administration during isoflurane anaesthesia in Shetland ponies.

Background: The arterial pharmacokinetics of ketamine and norketamine enantiomers after racemic ketamine or S-ketamine i.v. administration were evaluated in seven gelding ponies in a crossover study (2-month interval).

Comparison of the cardiopulmonary effects of anesthesia maintained by continuous infusion of ketamine and propofol with anesthesia maintained by inhalation of sevoflurane in goats undergoing magnetic resonance imaging.

Objective: To compare the cardiopulmonary effects of anesthesia maintained by continuous infusion of ketamine and propofol with anesthesia maintained by inhalation of sevoflurane in goats undergoing magnetic resonance imaging.

Animals: 8 Saanen goats.

Procedures: Goats were anesthetized twice (1-month interval) following sedation with midazolam (0.