Increased BMI is associated with an altered decision-making process during healthy food choices in males and females.

Unhealthy diets (rich in calories, sugar, fat, and sodium) are a major cause of obesity. Why individuals struggle to make healthy food choices remains unclear. This study examined how body mass index, biological sex, and eating context influence food attribute perception, the food choice process, and the percentage of healthy food choices.

Prophylactic treatment with the c-Abl inhibitor, neurotinib, diminishes neuronal damage and the convulsive state in pilocarpine-induced mice.

The molecular mechanisms underlying seizure generation remain elusive, yet they are crucial for developing effective treatments for epilepsy. The current study shows that inhibiting c-Abl tyrosine kinase prevents apoptosis, reduces dendritic spine loss, and maintains N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor subunit 2B (NR2B) phosphorylated in in vitro models of excitotoxicity. Pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus (SE) in mice promotes c-Abl phosphorylation, and disrupting c-Abl activity leads to fewer seizures, increases latency toward SE, and improved animal survival.

Anti-Mullerian hormone and inhibin B levels as markers of premature ovarian aging and transition to menopause in type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Background: Serum anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels decrease early during the transition to menopause and women with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1) experience menopause at a younger age. We hypothesized that older women with DM1 will have lower AMH levels than controls.

Methods: We studied ovarian function in women with DM1 (n = 66) and healthy controls (n = 58), all <45 years old.

Voltammetric behavior of zaleplon and its differential pulse polarographic determination in capsules.

In this work both the electrochemical behavior and the analysis of the hypnotic pyrazolopyrimidine derivative zaleplon were studied. Zaleplon in ethanol-0.1M Britton Robinson buffer solution (30-70) showed 2 irreversible, well-defined cathodic responses in the pH range of 2-12 using differential pulse polarography (DPP), tast polarography, and cyclic voltammetry.

[Prevalence of type 2 diabetes and obesity in two Chilean aboriginal populations living in urban zones].

Background: The prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors is increasing in aboriginal populations in Chile.

Aim: To study the prevalence of obesity, type 2 diabetes and serum lipids in two aboriginal populations, Mapuche and Aymara, that were transferred from a rural to a urban environment.

Subjects And Methods: Two groups of subjects over 20 years were analyzed, Mapuche and Aymara.

[High prevalence of osteoporosis in asymptomatic postmenopausal Mapuche women].

Background: Genetic and environmental factors are responsible for variations in the frequency of osteoporosis. Prevalence of osteoporosis in Mapuche women (native Chileans) is unknown.

Aim: To assess the prevalence and risk factors for osteoporosis in Mapuche women.

[Seeds germination of Caesalpinia paraguariensis (Fabaceae): scarificator agents and cattle effects].

The tree Caesalpinia paraguariensis grows in the Chaco region, Argentina. Fruits are indehiscent with many seeds. This species is an important source of wood and the fruits are consumed by cattle in Salta province.

Prevalence of type 2 diabetes and obesity in rural Mapuche population from Chile.

The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of Type 2 diabetes, impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), and obesity in the Mapuche natives from rural areas in Chile. This cross-sectional study involved men (n = 95) and women (n = 224) older than 20 y from an aboriginal ethnic group (Mapuches), residing in rural communities from the south of Chile. Prevalence of Type 2 diabetes and IGT was calculated according to the World Health Organization criteria.

[Serum lipids and blood pressure levels in the +Mapuche population living in the Chilean region of Araucanía].

Background: Chilean aboriginal populations (Mapuche) predominantly live in the region of Araucanía, in the southern part of the country. Their cardiovascular risk factors have not been systematically assessed.

Aim: To study the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in the Mapuche population.

[Clinical experience with an alpha glucosidase inhibitor (acarbose) in the treatment of non-insulin-dependent diabetes. Multicenter study].

Background: Acarbose, an alpha glucosidase inhibitor is a drug used in the treatment of non insulin dependent diabetes mellitus, that interferes with the intestinal absorption of monosaccharides.

Aim: To study the effect of acarbose in non insulin dependent diabetic patients that had an inadequate metabolic control with diet and sulphonylureas.

Patients And Methods: Diabetic patients received acarbose, 150 mg/day during four weeks and this dose was increased to 300 mg/day during 3 months.

Incidence of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in the IX region of Chile: ethnic differences.

We studied the incidence of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) among children up to 15 years old of Caucasian and Mapuche origin, in the IX Region of Chile between 1980 and 1993. The Mapuche, or native Chileans, have their own culture, language an distinctive ethnic characteristics. Data were collected according to the methods recommended by the Diabetes Epidemiology Research International Group.

[Chemical, sensory and clinical characterization of lupin marmalades].

Legumes are characterized as showing interesting hypoglicemic properties. Their presence in the diet is very useful in controlling the level of blood glucose in diabetic people. Taking in mind this property different formulations of prune marmalades were developed using 5, -7.

[Genetic predisposition to develop insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. A population study in Santiago and Temuco, Chile].

Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is strongly associated with particular HLA-DQ alpha/beta markers in white population. The heterodimers conformation composed of a DQ alpha chain with an arginine at residue 52 (Arg52) combined to a DQ beta chain lacking an aspartic acid at residue 57 (non Asp57) increase markedly the risk to develop IDDM. To confirm this association, 63 IDDM patients from Santiago de Chile registry, 20 IDDM patients from Temuco registry and 74 unrelated healthy non diabetic control subjects were studied.

[Primary hyperparathyroidism caused by a mediastinal adenoma with intermittent hypercalcemia and severe bone disease].

We report the case of a 33-year-old woman who was operated on with the diagnosis of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHP) in 1986. She had bone disease and slight hypercalcemia. Two parathyroid glands were removed with a lack of clinical improvement.